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Los comportamientos dirigidos a objetos y la sociabilidad dirigida a humanos están vinculados en cachorros de perros
Martina Lazzaroni1,2, Giulia Cimarelli1,3, Manon Delaunay4
1Domestication Lab, Konrad Lorenz Institute of Ethology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Savoyenstrasse 1a, 1160 Vienna, Austria.
iScience
|September 2, 2025
Resumen
Cachorros de perro
Área de la Ciencia:
- Comportamiento canino y etología.
- Psicología comparativa.
- La cognición animal.
Sus antecedentes:
- La sociabilidad y la exploración de la novedad a menudo se estudian como rasgos de comportamiento de perros separados.
- Las investigaciones anteriores carecen de una evaluación de un mecanismo subyacente compartido para estos rasgos.
- Se necesita un enfoque unificado para comprender las tendencias generales de enfoque del estímulo en los perros.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar si la sociabilidad y la exploración de objetos en cachorros provienen de un mecanismo de comportamiento común.
- Desafiar la separación tradicional de la sociabilidad dirigida por el hombre y la exploración de objetos.
- Explorar los predictores de comportamiento temprano de la sociabilidad y la interacción de objetos en cachorros libres.
Principales métodos:
- Cachorros desmamados expuestos a un humano nuevo y a un objeto nuevo.
- Comportamientos observados y medidos como la interacción, la actividad y el movimiento de la cola.
- Cachorros libres seleccionados para minimizar los sesgos de raza y experiencia.
Principales resultados:
- Los comportamientos hacia un objeto nuevo a las 3 semanas de edad predijeron comportamientos similares hacia un humano nuevo.
- Esto sugiere un rasgo unificado para abordar nuevos estímulos, independientemente del contexto social.
- Los cachorros exhibieron comportamientos más frecuentes hacia el estímulo social, lo que indica sensibilidad a los estímulos animados.
Conclusiones:
- La sociabilidad y la exploración de objetos en los perros pueden ser manifestaciones de un solo rasgo subyacente.
- Esto desafía la dicotomía establecida, proponiendo una tendencia de enfoque general.
- Los primeros patrones de comportamiento en los cachorros indican una respuesta unificada a la novedad, con una mayor sensibilidad a las señales sociales.
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