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Percepciones de una intervención integral de telesalud en pacientes con un control persistente de la diabetes tipo 2
Jashalynn German1, Madeleine R Eldridge2, Lucy Esteve1
1Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, USA.
Journal of clinical and translational science
|September 2, 2025
Resumen
Este estudio exploró las opiniones de los pacientes y el personal sobre una intervención integral de telesalud para el manejo de la diabetes. Los componentes clave como el telemonitoring y la autogestión apoyan la mejora de los resultados, aunque siguen existiendo desafíos.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Salud digital
- Manejo de la diabetes
- Compromiso con el paciente
Sus antecedentes:
- La diabetes mellitus persistentemente mal controlada presenta desafíos significativos en su gestión.
- Las intervenciones integrales de telemedicina ofrecen una solución potencial para mejorar los resultados de los pacientes.
- Comprender las perspectivas de los participantes es crucial para optimizar las estrategias de telesalud.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Comprender las perspectivas de los participantes sobre una intervención de telemedicina efectiva, práctica y completa para la diabetes mellitus mal controlada.
- Examinar cómo los componentes de la intervención contribuyeron a mejorar los resultados.
- Informar estrategias más amplias de manejo de la diabetes basadas en la telemedicina.
Principales métodos:
- Se llevaron a cabo entrevistas semiestructuradas con pacientes y personal involucrado en una intervención integral de telesalud.
- Se utilizó el análisis de contenido dirigido para categorizar los temas en cinco componentes de intervención.
- La muestra incluyó a 19 pacientes y 8 miembros del personal del brazo de telesalud de un estudio clínico.
Principales resultados:
- El telemonitoring fomentó la motivación del paciente; el personal valoró proporcionar métricas de éxito.
- El apoyo a la autogestión y los componentes de administración de medicamentos mejoraron la adherencia y la optimización.
- El apoyo a la dieta y la actividad condujo a cambios de comportamiento; el apoyo a la depresión abordó los factores que influyen. Los desafíos identificados incluyen el tiempo del personal, las dificultades de transmisión de datos y los problemas de cumplimiento.
Conclusiones:
- La retroalimentación de los participantes destaca la eficacia de varios componentes de la telesalud en el manejo de la diabetes.
- Los conocimientos obtenidos pueden servir de base para el diseño e implementación de modelos de telesalud escalables.
- Abordar los desafíos identificados es clave para maximizar el potencial de la telesalud para la atención de la diabetes.
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