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Estimación de las emisiones de CO2 de las asignaturas de medicina internacional: una revisión de la literatura y un
Luke Coakham1, Nihal Sogandji1, Amy Stuart1
1School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
Future healthcare journal
|September 2, 2025
Resumen
Las opciones médicas internacionales tienen una huella de carbono sustancial, con vuelos a destinos populares como Australia que emiten casi 3,000 kg de CO2 por persona. Este estudio cuantifica estos costos ambientales, destacando la necesidad de alternativas sostenibles en la educación médica.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ciencias del medio ambiente
- Educación médica
- Salud pública
Sus antecedentes:
- Los cursos optativos de medicina ofrecen una exposición global, pero suscitan preocupaciones sobre su impacto ambiental.
- Se está prestando cada vez más atención a la sostenibilidad de las prácticas de educación médica, incluidos los viajes internacionales.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para cuantificar la huella de carbono de las facultades médicas internacionales.
- Proporcionar datos que sirvan de base para el desarrollo de formatos optativos más sostenibles.
Principales métodos:
- Se realizó una revisión exhaustiva del alcance de varias bases de datos (MEDLINE, Embase, ERIC, Web of Science, SCOPUS, Globus Index Medicus de la OMS, Scielo).
- Se desarrolló un nuevo enfoque para estimar las emisiones de dióxido de carbono (CO2) basado en la eficiencia del combustible de las aeronaves, la distancia recorrida y las tasas de ocupación.
- Los cálculos se validaron con las herramientas de huella de carbono existentes.
Principales resultados:
- No se identificaron estudios anteriores que cuantificaran los costos de carbono de las asignaturas optativas médicas.
- Las emisiones estimadas de CO2 para los vuelos de ida y vuelta desde el Reino Unido a destinos populares oscilaron entre 79 kg (Irlanda) y 3,316 kg (Nueva Zelanda) por persona.
- Estas emisiones son considerables en comparación con las emisiones medias anuales de CO2 del Reino Unido de 7.000 kg por persona.
Conclusiones:
- Este es el primer estudio para cuantificar la huella de carbono de las facultades médicas internacionales.
- Los viajes internacionales para las asignaturas optativas generan importantes emisiones de CO2.
- Los hallazgos apoyan la necesidad de diseñar e implementar programas electivos alternativos y más sostenibles para los estudiantes de medicina.
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