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Adaptación a la alfabetización sanitaria en el diseño y desarrollo de intervenciones de salud electrónica: revisión
Jan Wessel Hovingh1,2,3, Cynthia Elderson-van Duin1, Derek A Kuipers3
1Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, Groningen, 9713 GZ, The Netherlands, 31 (0)50 361 61 61.
JMIR human factors
|September 2, 2025
Resumen
Las intervenciones de salud digital adaptadas son prometedoras para mejorar la alfabetización sanitaria. Sin embargo, el informe inconsistente de las razones de diseño dificulta la replicación y aplicación de estas estrategias de salud electrónica.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Salud digital
- Alfabetización para la salud
- Ciencias del comportamiento
Sus antecedentes:
- La adaptación de la información médica en las intervenciones de salud electrónica es crucial para mejorar la participación y la eficacia de los usuarios.
- La comprensión de la lógica de diseño detrás de las intervenciones de salud electrónica personalizadas es vital para la investigación y el desarrollo futuros.
- Las intervenciones de salud electrónica se están expandiendo rápidamente, lo que requiere una comprensión clara de los principios de diseño.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Revisar sistemáticamente la integración de los conceptos de alfabetización sanitaria y las estrategias de adaptación en las intervenciones de salud digital (salud electrónica).
- Examinar cómo estos elementos informan la lógica general del diseño de las intervenciones de salud electrónica destinadas a mejorar la salud.
- Evaluar la calidad y la replicabilidad de los diseños de intervención de salud electrónica adaptados.
Principales métodos:
- La búsqueda sistemática de las principales bases de datos (PubMed, PsycINFO, Web of Science, ACM) para los ensayos aleatorios.
- Los estudios incluidos se centraron en la mejora de la salud de los adultos a través de intervenciones de salud electrónica personalizadas versus no personalizadas.
- La extracción de datos abarcó las características del estudio, la alfabetización sanitaria, los métodos de adaptación y los fundamentos del diseño; la calidad se evaluó utilizando QuADS.
Principales resultados:
- La mayoría de las intervenciones incorporaron alfabetización cognitiva y de salud social, utilizando principalmente la correspondencia de contenido para la adaptación.
- La coincidencia de contenido a menudo integraba teorías de apoyo y datos del usuario final.
- Si bien se explicaron los componentes de la intervención, las descripciones detalladas del proceso de diseño y los relatos generales eran escasos.
Conclusiones:
- Las intervenciones de salud electrónica adaptadas muestran potencial para mejorar la alfabetización sanitaria, con una buena calidad general del diseño de los ensayos.
- La documentación incoherente de los fundamentos de diseño limita la replicabilidad y la adopción más amplia de los conceptos de salud electrónica.
- Se necesitan informes más detallados sobre las opciones de diseño en los estudios de eficacia para vincular los resultados con elementos específicos del diseño de la intervención.
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