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Updated: Sep 9, 2025

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Asimetrías mnemónicas: cómo la memoria colectiva da forma y refleja las relaciones intergrupal
Maria Babińska1, Laurent Licata1
1Unité de Psychologie Sociale CP 122, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 50 Avenue Franklin Roosevelt, B-1050, Bruxelles, Belgium.
Current opinion in psychology
|September 2, 2025
Resumen
Diferentes grupos crean narrativas de memoria únicas vinculadas a la identidad y la acción. Las instituciones dan forma a estos recuerdos, influyendo en las jerarquías sociales y las relaciones entre grupos.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Psicología social
- Sociología
- Estudios de la memoria
Sus antecedentes:
- Las sociedades exhiben narrativas de memoria divergentes entre grupos favorecidos y desfavorecidos.
- Estas narrativas satisfacen distintas necesidades de identidad y motivan diversas acciones colectivas.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para sintetizar los hallazgos recientes sobre la construcción de la memoria y su impacto social.
- Para introducir el modelo asimétrico de identidad de memoria (AMIM).
Principales métodos:
- Revisión de la literatura de estudios empíricos sobre la memoria, la identidad y las relaciones entre grupos.
- Integración conceptual de los resultados en un modelo teórico.
Principales resultados:
- Las narrativas de la memoria son asimétricas, reflejando y reforzando las estructuras de poder.
- Las instituciones (por ejemplo, museos, escuelas) juegan un papel crucial en la mediación de la memoria.
- Estos procesos institucionales pueden mantener el statu quo o promover el cambio social.
Conclusiones:
- El modelo asimétrico de identidad de la memoria (AMIM) explica cómo el contenido de la memoria se relaciona con las jerarquías sociopolíticas.
- Los contextos institucionales determinan si la memoria refuerza o desafía las dinámicas de poder existentes.
- Comprender estas dinámicas es clave para fomentar el compromiso inclusivo entre grupos.
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