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Introducciones repetidas y transmisión generalizada del metapneumovirus humano en Costa de Marfil
Hervé A Kadjo1, Sairah M Khan2, Sana Tamim3
1Department of Epidemic Viruses, Pasteur Institute of Côte d'Ivoire, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire. rvkdjo@yahoo.fr.
BMC infectious diseases
|September 2, 2025
Resumen
Las infecciones respiratorias agudas (IRA) están aumentando en Costa de Marfil. Este estudio revela una transmisión continua del metapneumovirus humano (hMPV), con diversos genotipos circulando y múltiples introducciones de fuentes globales. La vigilancia continua es crucial para el control.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Virología
- Epidemiología
- La genética
Sus antecedentes:
- La incidencia de las infecciones respiratorias agudas (IRA) está aumentando en Costa de Marfil.
- La diversidad genética y la dinámica de transmisión del metapneumovirus humano (hMPV), un patógeno clave de ARI, siguen siendo en gran medida desconocidas en la región.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar la diversidad genética, los patrones de transmisión y la epidemiología del VPH en Costa de Marfil.
- Comprender el papel de las cepas globales de VPH en las epidemias locales.
Principales métodos:
- Se recogieron datos demográficos y muestras biológicas de 3.899 niños menores de cinco años (2013-2015).
- Se ha llevado a cabo una vigilancia molecular y un modelado filodinámico/filogeográfico de las secuencias de genes F y G de hMPV.
- Utilizó la red de vigilancia de la gripe de Costa de Marfil.
Principales resultados:
- El hMPV se detectó en el 6,23% de las muestras, mostrando una transmisión continua durante todo el año con picos durante las estaciones secas.
- Se identificaron los genotipos A y B, con linajes A, B, B1 y B2.
- Se estima que al menos 14 introducciones virales en Costa de Marfil entre 2007 y 2015, a menudo desde Asia.
Conclusiones:
- La vigilancia molecular aclara la carga de hMPV en relación con otros virus respiratorios.
- Los hallazgos apoyan la necesidad de una vigilancia genómica y epidemiológica reforzada para el control del VMPh.
- Los resultados pueden servir de base para el desarrollo de la vacuna contra el hMPV.
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