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Cruzamiento entre ARN no codificantes y autofagia en el carcinoma de células renales: descifrando vías moleculares y

Mina Alimohammadi¹, Mojgan Noroozi², Alireza Mafi^3,4

¹Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Cancer cell international

|September 2, 2025

Resumen

Los ARN no codificantes (ARNnc) regulan la autofagia, un proceso celular con una doble función en el cáncer de riñón. La comprensión de esta interacción puede revelar nuevos biomarcadores de diagnóstico y objetivos terapéuticos para el carcinoma de células renales (CCR).

Área de la Ciencia:

En el campo de la oncología
Biología molecular
La bioquímica

Sus antecedentes:

El carcinoma de células renales (CCR) es un cáncer renal agresivo a menudo diagnosticado en etapas avanzadas.
Las terapias tradicionales muestran una eficacia limitada, lo que requiere nuevos objetivos moleculares.
La autofagia, un proceso de degradación celular, juega un papel complejo en el CCR, actuando como supresor y promotor del tumor.

Objetivo del estudio:

Revisar la comprensión actual de la interacción entre los ARN no codificantes (ARNnc) y la autofagia en el carcinoma de células renales (CCR).
Identificar los ncRNAs específicos involucrados en la patogénesis del RCC y sus mecanismos reguladores.
Evaluar el potencial de los ncRNA y la autofagia como biomarcadores de diagnóstico y objetivos terapéuticos para el CCR.

Principales métodos:

Revisión de la literatura que sintetiza el conocimiento actual sobre los ncRNA, la autofagia y el CCR.
Análisis de los mecanismos reguladores del ncRNA, incluidas las funciones como esponjas moleculares, andamios y reguladores de la transcripción.
Examen de las vías de señalización moduladas por los ncRNA en la autofagia, como PI3K/AKT/mTOR, AMPK, p53 y KEAP1/NRF2.

Principales resultados:

Los ncRNA, incluidos los ncRNA largos y los microRNA (miRNA), son reguladores clave de la autofagia en el CCR.
Estos ncRNA influyen en la expresión génica relacionada con la autofagia y modulan las vías de señalización críticas.
Los ncRNA pueden mejorar o suprimir la actividad autofágica, afectando la progresión tumoral, la metástasis y la resistencia al tratamiento.

Conclusiones:

El cruce entre los ncRNA y la autofagia es crucial en la patogénesis del RCC.
Los ncRNA específicos tienen potencial como biomarcadores de diagnóstico para la detección temprana y el pronóstico.
La orientación de las interacciones entre el ncRNA y la autofagia puede ofrecer nuevas estrategias terapéuticas para el tratamiento personalizado del CCR.
Las investigaciones adicionales sobre estas interacciones moleculares pueden mejorar los resultados clínicos de los pacientes con CCR.

Palabras clave:

Regulación de la autofagia ARN no codificantes (ARNnc)Carcinoma de células renales (CCR)Vías de señalización Objetivos terapéuticos Resistencia al tratamiento

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