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Impacto duradero del seguimiento en quirófanos de pregrado en enfermeras principiantes: un estudio cualitativo
Kentaro Hara1,2,3, Reika Tachibana4,5, Ryosuke Kumashiro4
1Department of Fundamental Nursing, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 4-24-1 Kuhonji, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto City, Kumamoto, 862-0976, Japan. kentaro-hara@kumamoto-u.ac.jp.
BMC nursing
|September 2, 2025
Resumen
Una experiencia de seguimiento en una sola sala de operaciones (OR) tiene un impacto significativo en las enfermeras principiantes, fomentando el crecimiento emocional y la identidad profesional. Esta breve exposición cultiva habilidades esenciales de enfermería y conciencia ética.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Educación en enfermería
- Investigación cualitativa
- Desarrollo profesional de la salud
Sus antecedentes:
- El seguimiento de la sala de operaciones (OR) ofrece información valiosa sobre entornos clínicos de alto riesgo para los estudiantes de enfermería.
- Los efectos emocionales y profesionales del seguimiento del quirófano en las enfermeras principiantes no se comprenden bien.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Explorar la influencia de un solo episodio de seguimiento en el quirófano en las emociones y el desarrollo profesional de las enfermeras novatas.
- Comprender el impacto duradero de breves experiencias de observación en la formación de enfermería de pregrado.
Principales métodos:
- Estudio cualitativo que incluye entrevistas semiestructuradas a seis enfermeras principiantes.
- Análisis de las transcripciones de las entrevistas mediante análisis temático y de sentimiento asistido por ChatGPT.
- Aplicación de agrupación semántica y visualizaciones de frecuencia de emoción para una interpretación mejorada.
Principales resultados:
- Seis temas clave surgieron: comunicación, atención empática, seguridad del paciente, identidad profesional, desarrollo de habilidades y aprendizaje transformador.
- Las enfermeras reportaron emociones como respeto, gratitud y crecimiento, vinculadas a la práctica ética y las aspiraciones.
- Incluso las breves experiencias de sombra llevaron a cambios positivos duraderos en las actitudes clínicas y el autoconcepto.
Conclusiones:
- Una sola experiencia de seguimiento puede moldear profundamente el paisaje emocional y la identidad profesional de las enfermeras principiantes.
- La integración de la reflexión estructurada o el informe puede amplificar los beneficios del seguimiento de OR.
- Las experiencias de observación, incluidas las breves, son cruciales para los planes de estudio de enfermería de pregrado para fomentar la sensibilidad ética y la práctica reflexiva.
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