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Los odontomas como una causa de trastornos de erupción dental

Ewa Krasuska-Sławińska¹, Katarzyna Cichoń¹, Maciej Pronicki¹

¹The Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland.

Dental and medical problems

|September 3, 2025

Resumen

Los odontomas, o malformaciones del desarrollo de los tejidos duros dentales, pueden causar trastornos de erupción dental. La extirpación quirúrgica de estos tumores benignos de la mandíbula conduce a una recuperación completa.

Área de la Ciencia:

Odontología
Cirugía Oral
Odontología pediátrica

Sus antecedentes:

Los odontomas son malformaciones hamartomáticas de los tejidos dentales duros clasificados por la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS).
Estos tumores benignos de la mandíbula pueden conducir a anomalías dentales y maloclusiones.
Históricamente, el término "odontoma" se refiere ampliamente a los tumores odontogénicos.

Objetivo del estudio:

Para analizar trastornos de erupción dental causados por odontomas en pacientes pediátricos.
Para presentar los hallazgos de 20 niños tratados por problemas de erupción relacionados con el odontoma.

Principales métodos:

El estudio incluyó a 20 pacientes (de 2 a 17 años) con odontomas en la mandíbula.
El diagnóstico se confirmó mediante un examen clínico y radiológico.
El tratamiento consistió en la enucleación quirúrgica del odontoma con su cápsula.

Principales resultados:

Los odontomas causaron varios trastornos de erupción, incluidos dientes impactados, retenidos y perdidos.
Los odontomas compuestos (OCp) fueron el tipo más frecuente.
Se observaron más casos en pacientes masculinos, afectando tanto al maxilar como a la mandíbula.

Conclusiones:

Los odontomas son tumores odontogénicos benignos y no neoplásicos.
La escisión quirúrgica completa es el tratamiento definitivo.
La extirpación quirúrgica asegura la recuperación completa del paciente.

Palabras clave:

los niños Anomalías dentales cirugía oral ortodoncia y ortodoncia Los tumores

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