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Videos de Conceptos Relacionados

Maxwell-Boltzmann Distribution: Problem Solving01:20

Maxwell-Boltzmann Distribution: Problem Solving

Individual molecules in a gas move in random directions, but a gas containing numerous molecules has a predictable distribution of molecular speeds, which is known as the Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution, f(v).
This distribution function f(v) is defined by saying that the expected number N (v1,v2) of particles with speeds between v1 and v2 is given by
Free-body Diagram01:28

Free-body Diagram

In mechanics, understanding the motion of objects is essential, and one tool that helps solve this problem is the free-body diagram. It is a simple but powerful graphical representation that succinctly represents all the forces acting on an object. A free-body diagram can represent a stationary or moving object, and is used in mechanics to explain the cause of an object's motion.
A free-body diagram transforms a complex problem into a simple representation, making it easy to understand the...
Fluid Pressure over Flat Plate of Variable Width01:02

Fluid Pressure over Flat Plate of Variable Width

When a flat plate is submerged in a fluid, the fluid exerts pressure on the plate. This pressure can lead to many different phenomena, including drag and buoyancy. To understand the behavior of the fluid over a flat plate of variable width, it is essential to analyze the distribution of the pressure exerted.
The pressure distribution on the plate can be calculated by determining the force that acts on a differential area strip of the plate. Thus, the magnitude of the force is equal to the...
Accelerating Fluids01:17

Accelerating Fluids

When a fluid is in constant acceleration, the pressure and buoyant force equations are modified. Suppose a beaker is placed in an elevator accelerating upward with a constant acceleration, a. In the beaker, assume there is a thin cylinder of height h with an infinitesimal cross-sectional area, ΔS.
The motion of the liquid within this infinitesimal cylinder is considered to obtain the pressure difference. Three vertical forces act on this liquid:
Excess Pressure Inside a Drop and a Bubble01:13

Excess Pressure Inside a Drop and a Bubble

The shape of a small drop of liquid can be considered spherical, neglecting the effect of gravity. This drop can further be considered as two equal hemispherical drops put together due to surface tension. The forces acting on the spherical drop are due to the pressure of the liquid inside the drop, the pressure due to air outside the drop, and the force due to the surface tension acting on the two hemispherical drops.
The Kinetic Model of Gases01:24

The Kinetic Model of Gases

The kinetic model of gases explains the properties of a perfect gas using three main assumptions: molecules move in ceaseless random motion, their size is negligible compared to the distances between them, and they do not interact except during perfectly elastic collisions. The total energy of a gas is the sum of the kinetic energies of all its constituent molecules. The pressure exerted by the gas arises from the continual bombardment of the container walls by billions of colliding molecules.

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Updated: May 12, 2026

Quantitative and Qualitative Examination of Particle-particle Interactions Using Colloidal Probe Nanoscopy
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Dinámica de partículas de sonda impulsada en un sistema de formación de burbujas y patrones

C Reichhardt1, C J O Reichhardt1

  • 1Theoretical Division and Center for Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA.

The Journal of chemical physics
|September 3, 2025
PubMed
Resumen
Este resumen es generado por máquina.

Estudiamos numéricamente cómo una partícula de sonda se mueve a través de un sistema de partículas con fuerzas competidoras. Diferentes fuerzas motrices revelan distintos estados dinámicos y transiciones, impactando el movimiento y la resistencia de las partículas.

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Sistemas complejos
  • Física de la materia blanda
  • Física computacional

Sus antecedentes:

  • Las partículas con interacciones competitivas pueden formar estructuras ordenadas como burbujas o rayas.
  • La comprensión de la dinámica de partículas en tales sistemas es crucial para la ciencia de los materiales y la dinámica de los fluidos.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Investigar numéricamente el comportamiento dinámico de una partícula de sonda impulsada a través de un conjunto de partículas con interacciones competitivas.
  • Identificar y caracterizar diferentes regímenes de movimiento dinámico y transiciones de fase.

Principales métodos:

  • Simulaciones numéricas de una partícula de sonda impulsada que interactúa con un sistema de partículas que exhiben repulsión de largo alcance y atracción de corto alcance.
  • Análisis del movimiento de partículas, relaciones velocidad-fuerza y fluctuaciones de velocidad.

Principales resultados:

  • Se han identificado distintos regímenes dinámicos: elástico/pintado, burbuja de plástico y ruptura.
  • Movimiento observado de las partículas de la sonda que induce reordenamientos de burbujas, rotaciones y deformaciones plásticas de partículas.
  • Caracterizó las transiciones entre los estados dinámicos a través de las firmas de la curva de resistencia y velocidad-fuerza efectivas.

Conclusiones:

  • El estudio traza el diagrama de fase dinámica del sistema de partículas impulsadas.
  • Los hallazgos revelan comportamientos emergentes complejos y transiciones en respuesta a diferentes fuerzas motrices y parámetros del sistema.