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Variabilidad de los precios de contratación pública de medicamentos del grupo 1A en el componente farmacéutico
Paula Rossignoli1, Roberto Pontarolo2, Fernando Fernandez-Llimos3
1Universidade Federal do Paraná, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Assistência Farmacêutica, Curitiba, PR, Brasil.
Resumen
El Departamento de Salud del Estado de Paraná pagó más de BRL 200 millones por medicamentos del Grupo 1A en comparación con los precios del Ministerio de Salud brasileño. La adquisición centralizada podría mejorar la rentabilidad del Sistema Nacional de Salud de Brasil.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Economía de la salud
- La política farmacéutica
- Adquisiciones en el ámbito de la salud pública
Sus antecedentes:
- El Sistema Nacional de Salud brasileño se enfrenta a desafíos en la gestión de los costos de adquisición farmacéutica.
- La adquisición descentralizada de medicamentos puede dar lugar a variaciones de precios e ineficiencias.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Comparar los precios de adquisición de medicamentos del grupo 1A entre el Ministerio de Salud brasileño y el Departamento de Salud del Estado de Paraná.
- Cuantificar las diferencias de costos e identificar el posible sobreprecio en la adquisición de productos farmacéuticos a nivel estatal.
Principales métodos:
- Estudio observacional retrospectivo que analiza los datos de adquisición de fármacos desde 2013 hasta 2022.
- Cálculo de los precios de adquisición medios ponderados para ambas fuentes de contratación.
- Análisis de los coeficientes de precios y el sobreprecio total de los medicamentos adquiridos por Paraná.
Principales resultados:
- Los precios de Paraná superaron los precios del Ministerio de Salud en el 84,6% de las comparaciones.
- Algunos precios de medicamentos eran más de 47 veces más altos a nivel estatal.
- Paraná experimentó más de BRL 200 millones en gastos excesivos, lo que representa un 55,7% de sobreprecio.
Conclusiones:
- Existen importantes disparidades de precios entre la adquisición centralizada de medicamentos por el gobierno federal y la descentralizada por el estado en Brasil.
- Se recomiendan estrategias centralizadas de negociación y adquisición de precios para mejorar la rentabilidad dentro del Sistema Nacional de Salud brasileño.
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