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El perfil funcional demuestra que una dieta reductora de sulfuro alcanza objetivos microambientales en la colitis

Alice S Day^1,2, Rachael Slater³, Remy B Young^4,5

¹Inflammatory Bowel Disease Service, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Adelaide, SA, Australia.

Inflammatory bowel diseases

|September 3, 2025

Resumen

La dieta 4-SURE redujo las bacterias intestinales dañinas y la producción de sulfuro de hidrógeno (H2S) en pacientes con colitis ulcerosa. Esta intervención dietética moduló con éxito el entorno intestinal, disminuyendo los marcadores de fermentación de proteínas.

Área de la Ciencia:

Gastroenterología
Investigación del microbioma
Ciencias de la nutrición

Sus antecedentes:

La colitis ulcerosa (UC) implica una fermentación excesiva de proteínas y una producción de sulfuro de hidrógeno (H2S) en el colon.
La dieta 4-SURE (4 estrategias para la reducción de sulfuro) tiene como objetivo corregir estas alteraciones patógenas.
Comprender el impacto de la dieta en el entorno intestinal es crucial para el manejo de la UC.

Objetivo del estudio:

Realizar un análisis funcional profundo de los cambios microbianos y metabólicos en pacientes con UC en la dieta 4-SURE.
Determinar si la dieta 4-SURE modula efectivamente el entorno del colon reduciendo la producción de H2S y la fermentación de proteínas.
Para explorar el efecto de la dieta en la diversidad microbiana intestinal y grupos bacterianos específicos.

Principales métodos:

Se recogieron muestras fecales de 28 adultos con UC leve-moderada al inicio y después de 8 semanas de la dieta 4-SURE.
Se utilizó la secuenciación metagenómica para analizar los cambios en los genes que metabolizan H2S.
La cromatografía de gases y la espectrometría de masas analizaron los compuestos orgánicos volátiles fecales y la producción de H2S.

Principales resultados:

La dieta 4-SURE aumentó significativamente la diversidad alfa microbiana intestinal.
La abundancia de géneros productores de H2S (Odoribacter, Peptostreptococcaceae) disminuyó significativamente.
La producción fecal de H2S y los niveles de indol (un marcador de fermentación de proteínas) se redujeron significativamente.

Conclusiones:

La dieta 4-SURE cumplió con éxito sus objetivos en la modulación del entorno del colon.
El análisis funcional profundo proporciona un nuevo marco para evaluar las estrategias de dieta terapéutica en UC.
Los biomarcadores microbianos y metabólicos son valiosos para evaluar la eficacia de las intervenciones dietéticas.

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