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Eficacia, seguridad y viabilidad de la terapia antimicrobiana parenteral ambulatoria en un entorno de recursos
Amit Kumar1, Prasan Kumar Panda2
1Department of Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh 249203, Uttarakhand, India.
World journal of methodology
|September 3, 2025
Resumen
La terapia antimicrobiana parenteral ambulatoria (OPAT) es segura y efectiva en entornos con pocos recursos, reduciendo las estancias hospitalarias en dos semanas. Este enfoque ayuda significativamente a la administración de antimicrobianos y combate la resistencia a los mismos.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Enfermedades infecciosas
- Salud pública
- Gestión de los antimicrobianos
Sus antecedentes:
- La terapia antimicrobiana parenteral ambulatoria (OPAT) permite la administración segura de antimicrobianos intravenosos / intramusculares fuera de los hospitales, lo que reduce las complicaciones y las estancias hospitalarias.
- OPAT es una intervención de administración antimicrobiana clave que ofrece beneficios económicos y logísticos.
- Las prácticas de OPAT basadas en evidencia se utilizan insuficientemente en entornos con recursos limitados como la India.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Evaluar la eficacia, la seguridad y la viabilidad de OPAT en entornos con pocos recursos.
- Identificar las barreras y los facilitadores para la implementación de OPAT.
- Evaluar el papel de la OPAT en la administración de antimicrobianos.
Principales métodos:
- Estudio piloto longitudinal de observación en pacientes que cumplan con los criterios de la OPAT.
- Educación previa al alta, asesoramiento y recopilación de datos demográficos.
- Revisión de la literatura, diagramas de huesos de pescado, comentarios de los pacientes y entrevistas con trabajadores de la salud para barreras/facilitadores.
Principales resultados:
- Se incluyeron 20 pacientes; 19 lograron un estado febril.
- OPAT administrado en el hogar (15) o en hogares de ancianos (5), con el cuidado de la familia (9) o de las enfermeras (11).
- Reducción promedio de dos semanas en la hospitalización; los médicos notaron beneficios pero mencionaron desafíos en la estandarización y los recursos.
Conclusiones:
- OPAT es seguro, factible y efectivo en entornos con pocos recursos, reduciendo la hospitalización en dos semanas.
- OPAT apoya directamente la administración antimicrobiana al minimizar las estancias hospitalarias y las complicaciones asociadas.
- Este enfoque es vital para combatir la resistencia a los antimicrobianos (AMR) y se alinea con los planes de acción globales de AMR.
Palabras clave:
Resistencia a los antimicrobianosBarreras y facilitadoresGestión integrada de los antimicrobianosTerapia antimicrobiana parenteral en pacientes ambulatoriosMonitoreo telefónicoMás Videos Relacionados
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