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Optimización de las estrategias de dosificación de la ketamina en diversas aplicaciones clínicas: una revisión
Ahmed M Kedwany1, Reem Sayad1, Nada S Jibril2
1Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.
Annals of medicine and surgery (2012)
|September 3, 2025
Resumen
La ketamina es un medicamento versátil para la anestesia, el dolor y las afecciones psiquiátricas. La individualización de la dosis de ketamina en función de los factores del paciente es crucial para equilibrar la eficacia y la seguridad.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Farmacología
- Medicina Clínica
- La neurociencia
Sus antecedentes:
- La ketamina es un medicamento ampliamente utilizado con aplicaciones en anestesia, control del dolor y trastornos psiquiátricos.
- Su utilidad clínica abarca varias vías de administración, incluyendo intravenosa, intramuscular, intranasal y oral.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Revisar la utilidad clínica de la ketamina en las diferentes vías de administración.
- Para enfatizar la importancia de la individualización de los regímenes de dosificación de la ketamina.
- Analizar los factores que influyen en la dosificación de la ketamina y su impacto en los resultados terapéuticos.
Principales métodos:
- Revisión de la literatura que examina los estudios clínicos sobre la ketamina.
- Análisis de los factores que afectan a la dosificación de ketamina, incluidas las características del paciente y los medicamentos concomitantes.
- Evaluación del impacto de la dosis, la velocidad de perfusión y la frecuencia de administración en la eficacia y la seguridad.
Principales resultados:
- Los efectos terapéuticos de la ketamina dependen de la dosis y están influenciados por la vía de administración, la velocidad y la frecuencia.
- La dosificación individualizada es crítica para equilibrar la eficacia de la ketamina con los posibles efectos secundarios.
- Las características del paciente, las comorbilidades y los medicamentos concurrentes afectan significativamente la dosificación óptima.
Conclusiones:
- Los regímenes de dosificación individualizados adaptados a los factores específicos del paciente son esenciales para optimizar el tratamiento con ketamina.
- Se necesita más investigación para abordar las lagunas de conocimiento sobre los efectos a largo plazo, las rutas alternativas y los enfoques personalizados.
- El desarrollo de protocolos estandarizados y la exploración de nuevas estrategias pueden mejorar el potencial terapéutico y la seguridad de la ketamina.
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