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El primer informe sobre la aparición de una etapa actinosporeana (Myxozoa) en oligoquetas en la zona costera del lago

Marina Dashi-Dorjievna Batueva1, Roman Yuryevich Abasheev2

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Se identificó un nuevo parásito mixozoario de tipo Triactinomyxon en los oligocaetas del lago Baikal. Este parásito causó un daño significativo a las células intestinales del huésped, destacando los posibles impactos ecológicos.

Palabras clave:
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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Parasitología acuática
  • Biología del mixozoo
  • Oligochaete Ecología

Sus antecedentes:

  • Los parásitos mixozoos son patógenos importantes en los ecosistemas acuáticos.
  • Las oligoquetas sirven como huéspedes intermedios para muchas especies de mixozoos.
  • La comprensión de las interacciones entre parásitos y huéspedes es crucial para la salud acuática.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Para identificar y caracterizar un nuevo parásito myxozoan encontrado en el lago Baikal oligochaetes.
  • Para investigar los efectos patológicos del parásito en su huésped.
  • Para determinar la posición filogenética del nuevo parásito.

Principales métodos:

  • Recopilación y examen de oligoquetas del lago Baikal.
  • Análisis morfológico y molecular del parásito (secuenciación de rADN 18S).
  • Análisis filogenético mediante BLAST y comparación de secuencias.

Principales resultados:

  • Un espécimen de *Limnodrilus udekemianus* (0,1%) fue infectado con actinosporas de MNV tipo Triactinomyxon.
  • Las actinosporas se desarrollaron en el epitelio intestinal, causando hipertrofia y muerte celular.
  • La secuencia de 18S rDNA (PP575756) mostró una similitud del 97,51% con *Chloromyxum legeri*.

Conclusiones:

  • El tipo Triactinomyxon MNV representa una nueva especie de mixozoos que infectan a las oligocaetas en el lago Baikal.
  • El parásito induce cambios histopatológicos significativos en el epitelio intestinal del huésped.
  • El análisis filogenético ubica a este parásito dentro del género Chloromyxum, lo que sugiere un posible vínculo con los peces ciprinídeos.