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Movimiento transatlántico temprano de caballos y burros en Jamestown

William Timothy Treal Taylor^1,2, Nicolas Delsol^3,4, Vicky M Oelze⁵

¹Department of Anthropology, University of Colorado-Boulder, 218 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309, USA.

Science advances

|September 3, 2025

Resumen

Los primeros caballos y burros en Jamestown fueron cruciales para la colonización, enfrentando un intenso procesamiento durante el "Tiempo del Hambre". El análisis revela su reproducción, el uso de transporte, y un burro

Área de la Ciencia:

Arqueozoología
Bioarqueología
Historia de las colonias

Sus antecedentes:

Los équidos domésticos jugaron un papel vital en la colonización de las Américas.
Los registros históricos documentan la introducción de los caballos por los colonos españoles en el Caribe.
La colonia inglesa de Jamestown, Virginia, fue uno de los primeros asentamientos ingleses en recibir caballos en la costa este.

Objetivo del estudio:

Para analizar los restos de equinos domésticos de los primeros tiempos de Jamestown.
Para entender el papel de los equídeos en la colonia de Jamestown.
Para investigar los orígenes y el movimiento de los equídeos en la América del Norte temprana.

Principales métodos:

Análisis arqueozoológico de restos de équidos domésticos.
Estudio osteológico de huesos de équidos.
Análisis biomolecular (ADN) de restos de équidos.

Principales resultados:

El procesamiento y el consumo intensivos de caballos ocurrieron durante el invierno de 1609.
Se encontraron pruebas de éxito en la reproducción y el uso de los équidos en las actividades de transporte.
Se identificó un burro doméstico adulto con ascendencia mixta europea y africana occidental, lo que sugiere un intercambio no documentado.

Conclusiones:

El estudio destaca los desafíos de la translocación de equídeos domésticos durante el asentamiento temprano de América del Norte.
Los resultados subrayan la conectividad global de las primeras redes de intercambio transatlántico de animales.
Los restos equinos proporcionan información sobre las estrategias de supervivencia y la utilización de los recursos de la colonia de Jamestown.

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