Trastorno de déficit de atención / hiperactividad, trastornos del sueño e índice de masa corporal en estudiantes
Alexa G Deyo1, Megan A Milligan1, Haley McBride1
1Department of Psychology, 352 Marley Education Center, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA.
Journal of American college health : J of ACH
|September 3, 2025
Resumen
Los estudiantes universitarios con trastorno por déficit de atención e hiperactividad (TDAH) tienen un IMC más alto y un sueño más pobre. La menor duración del sueño y la somnolencia diurna explican parcialmente el vínculo entre el TDAH y el aumento del índice de masa corporal.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La psiquiatría
- Medicina del sueño
- Salud pública
Sus antecedentes:
- El trastorno por déficit de atención e hiperactividad (TDAH) es frecuente en los estudiantes universitarios.
- La obesidad es una preocupación creciente entre los adultos jóvenes.
- La interacción entre el TDAH, los trastornos del sueño y el índice de masa corporal (IMC) requiere más investigación.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para determinar si el IMC, la duración del sueño y la somnolencia diurna difieren entre estudiantes universitarios con y sin TDAH.
- Explorar el papel mediador de la duración del sueño y la somnolencia diurna en la relación entre el TDAH y el IMC.
Principales métodos:
- Se utilizaron datos de 72.040 estudiantes universitarios de entre 18 y 25 años de edad del ACHA-NCHA III.
- Utilizó las pruebas t de Welch para comparar grupos.
- Se aplicó un modelo de mediación en serie para analizar la relación TDAH-IMC.
Principales resultados:
- Los estudiantes con TDAH presentaron índices de masa corporal significativamente más altos, duradas de sueño más cortas y mayor somnolencia diurna en comparación con sus compañeros sin TDAH.
- La duración del sueño y la somnolencia diurna mediaron parcialmente la asociación entre el TDAH y el IMC.
Conclusiones:
- La duración y la calidad del sueño son objetivos potenciales para las intervenciones de control de peso en estudiantes universitarios.
- Los estudiantes con TDAH corren un mayor riesgo de tener un IMC elevado y problemas de sueño, lo que pone de relieve la necesidad de atención integrada.
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