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Se necesitan voluntarios: comprender las percepciones de los afroamericanos sobre los ensayos clínicos y sus

Joe M Ricks¹, McDowell Porter Iii², Elyria Kemp³

¹Division of Business, Xavier University of Louisiana, New Orleans, Louisiana.

Journal of healthcare management / American College of Healthcare Executives

|September 3, 2025

Resumen

Los afroamericanos

Área de la Ciencia:

Disparidades en materia de salud
Participación en ensayos clínicos
La inclusión de la investigación médica

Sus antecedentes:

Los afroamericanos están subrepresentados en los ensayos clínicos, limitando el acceso a tratamientos que salvan vidas.
Comprender sus actitudes y percepciones es crucial para mejorar la participación.

Objetivo del estudio:

Examinar las actitudes, creencias y percepciones afroamericanas con respecto a la participación en ensayos clínicos.
Identificar los factores que influyen en su proceso de toma de decisiones.

Principales métodos:

Se realizó una encuesta con una muestra representativa de 1.260 afroamericanos en los Estados Unidos.
Se empleó el modelado de ecuaciones estructurales para el análisis de datos.

Principales resultados:

Las creencias y actitudes conductuales positivas se correlacionan con el aumento de las intenciones de participación.
La influencia social de los "otros importantes" tiene un impacto positivo en la participación.
Los riesgos percibidos afectan negativamente la participación, especialmente para las mujeres afroamericanas y aquellas con menor nivel educativo.
El género y la educación moderan las percepciones de riesgo.

Conclusiones:

Las creencias de comportamiento, actitudes y normas sociales influyen en las intenciones de participación.
La percepción del riesgo es un obstáculo importante, especialmente para grupos demográficos específicos.
Se necesitan estrategias de comunicación basadas en la cultura para generar confianza y abordar las preocupaciones.
Las intervenciones específicas pueden mejorar la inclusión y la confianza en la investigación clínica.

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