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La uveítis y la fibrosis retroperitoneal idiopática: una asociación inusual

Marta Salas Sánchez¹, Sabela Castañeda Pérez², Lucía Ibares Frías³

¹Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Community of Madrid, Spain msalas995@gmail.com.

BMJ case reports

|September 3, 2025

Resumen

Este informe de caso detalla un caso raro de uveítis (inflamación del ojo) que ocurre junto con la fibrosis retroperitoneal (tejido fibrótico en el abdomen) sin una causa sistémica conocida. El paciente

Área de la Ciencia:

Oftalmología
Reumatología
Inmunología

Sus antecedentes:

La uveítis es una de las principales causas de pérdida de la visión, a menudo asociada con enfermedades sistémicas mediadas por el sistema inmunológico.
La fibrosis retroperitoneal (RPF) implica el crecimiento de tejido fibrótico en el retroperitoneo y puede estar relacionado con afecciones autoinmunes.
La aparición simultánea de uveítis y RPF sin un diagnóstico sistémico definido es excepcionalmente rara.

Objetivo del estudio:

Informar de un caso único de un paciente que presentaba tanto fibrosis retroperitoneal idiopática como uveítis bilateral recurrente.
Explorar los posibles mecanismos compartidos mediados por el sistema inmunitario que subyacen a la coocurrencia de estas dos condiciones.

Principales métodos:

Presentación clínica detallada de una paciente de unos 30 años.
Trabajo de diagnóstico completo para excluir trastornos sistémicos subyacentes.
Evaluación de la respuesta terapéutica a los corticosteroides y agentes anti-TNF.

Principales resultados:

El paciente tenía antecedentes de RPF idiopático y posteriormente desarrolló uveítis bilateral recurrente.
Las extensas investigaciones no revelaron ninguna enfermedad sistémica subyacente identificable.
El paciente mostró una respuesta positiva al tratamiento con corticosteroides y terapia anti- TNF.

Conclusiones:

La coocurencia de uveítis y RPF en este caso, a pesar de la ausencia de un vínculo sistémico conocido, sugiere una posible patogénesis compartida mediada por el sistema inmunológico.
La respuesta favorable a la terapia inmunosupresora apoya una etiología impulsada por el sistema inmunológico para ambas afecciones en este paciente.
Este caso se suma a la literatura limitada sobre la asociación no sindrómica de la uveítis y el RPF, lo que pone de relieve la necesidad de realizar más investigaciones sobre su interconexión.

Palabras clave:

La autoinmunidad Oftalmología

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