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Updated: Sep 9, 2025

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Sexo masculino, diabetes mellitus y un estado no vacunado como factores deteriorantes para la enfermedad por

Fuminori Taniguchi1, Hironobu Komine1, Kohei Morikawa1

  • 1Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Japan.

Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan)
|September 3, 2025
PubMed
Resumen

Los resultados de COVID-19 en pacientes con enfermedades reumáticas fueron generalmente favorables durante el período de la variante Omicron. El sexo masculino, la falta de vacunación y la diabetes mellitus se identificaron como factores de riesgo para la enfermedad grave por coronavirus 2019.

Palabras clave:
El COVID-19La variante OmicronEn el caso de la diabetes mellitusAnálisis de regresión logística multivariadaenfermedades reumáticasla vacunación

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Reumatología
  • Enfermedades infecciosas
  • Salud pública

Sus antecedentes:

  • Los pacientes con enfermedades reumáticas pueden estar en mayor riesgo de resultados graves de enfermedades infecciosas como el COVID-19.
  • El período de la variante Omicron presentó desafíos únicos para el manejo de COVID-19 en poblaciones inmunocomprometidas.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Identificar los factores de riesgo asociados con el deterioro de la enfermedad por coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) en pacientes con enfermedades reumáticas.
  • Para analizar los resultados de COVID-19 en pacientes con enfermedades reumáticas durante el aumento de la variante Omicron.

Principales métodos:

  • Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo en 78 pacientes con enfermedades reumáticas diagnosticadas con COVID-19 entre enero de 2022 y diciembre de 2023.
  • Los datos recopilados incluyeron datos demográficos, detalles de enfermedades reumáticas, estado de vacunación, comorbilidades, gravedad de COVID-19 y resultados.
  • El análisis de regresión logística multivariada se utilizó para determinar los factores de riesgo significativos para el COVID-19 de moderado a crítico.

Principales resultados:

  • La mayoría de los pacientes (78,2%) experimentaron COVID-19 leve; sin embargo, el 21,8% tenía enfermedad de moderada a crítica.
  • Los factores de riesgo significativos para el COVID-19 de moderado a crítico incluyeron el sexo masculino (p=0,012), el estado no vacunado (p=0,031) y la diabetes mellitus (p=0,018).
  • No se encontraron resultados específicos de análisis de sangre que fueran predictores significativos de la gravedad en el análisis multivariado.

Conclusiones:

  • La mayoría de los pacientes con enfermedades reumáticas y COVID-19 tuvieron resultados favorables durante el período de la variante Omicron.
  • El manejo efectivo de las comorbilidades, particularmente la diabetes mellitus, y la promoción de la vacunación son cruciales para prevenir el COVID-19 grave en esta población.