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Hipertensión supina y enfermedades cardiovasculares: controversias y avances
Sally K Zimmermann1, Kassem Farhat2, Samir Zaman1
1Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Future cardiology
|September 4, 2025
Resumen
La hipertensión supina, que a menudo se pasa por alto, representa un riesgo significativo de enfermedad cardiovascular. Esta revisión sintetiza la literatura actual y ofrece orientación sobre la evaluación y el tratamiento de este potente factor de riesgo.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Cardiología
- Investigación de la hipertensión
- La medicina preventiva
Sus antecedentes:
- La presión arterial elevada es un factor de riesgo primario para la enfermedad cardiovascular (ECV).
- Las directrices clínicas actuales para la hipertensión se basan predominantemente en mediciones en posición sentada.
- La evidencia emergente indica que la hipertensión supina (SH) puede ser tan significativa como, o más que, la hipertensión sentada con respecto al riesgo cardiovascular y la mortalidad.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Revisar y sintetizar la literatura existente sobre la hipertensión supina (HS).
- Proporcionar recomendaciones para la evaluación, interpretación y tratamiento de SH en entornos ambulatorios.
- Identificar las lagunas de investigación y las direcciones futuras para comprender la SH como factor de riesgo cardiovascular.
Principales métodos:
- Se realizó una búsqueda de literatura MEDLINE para las publicaciones de 2024 a 2025.
- La revisión sintetizó los hallazgos relacionados con la evaluación y el tratamiento de la hipertensión supina.
- Se formularon recomendaciones basadas en la literatura sintetizada.
Principales resultados:
- Hay una falta de protocolos estandarizados y criterios de diagnóstico para evaluar SH en la población general.
- Actualmente no están claras las recomendaciones clínicas para el tratamiento de la SH detectada.
- La revisión destaca la SH como un factor de riesgo subestimado pero potente para las enfermedades cardiovasculares.
Conclusiones:
- Se necesitan protocolos estandarizados para la evaluación de la SH y directrices claras de tratamiento.
- La investigación adicional es crucial para comprender completamente las implicaciones de la SH para la salud cardiovascular.
- Abordar la SH podría mejorar las estrategias de prevención de enfermedades cardiovasculares.
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