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Pneumopericardium traumático después de un intento de suicidio por caída en una adolescente
Souha Qarouach1,2, Hadjar Nassiri1,2,3, Hidaya Zitan1,2
1Pediatric Surgical Emergency Department, Rabat Children's Hospital, Avenue Ibn Rochd, Rabat 10000, Rabat-Salé-Kenitra, Morocco.
Journal of surgical case reports
|September 4, 2025
Resumen
Pneumopericardium, una rara complicación de trauma en el pecho, ocurrió en un paciente pediátrico después de una caída de alta energía. El diagnóstico rápido y la descompresión percutánea condujeron a un resultado favorable, enfatizando su importancia en la evaluación del trauma.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Informe de caso médico
- Trauma pediátrico
- Cirugía cardiotorácica
Sus antecedentes:
- El neumopericardio es una consecuencia poco común de un trauma torácico contundente.
- Los pacientes pediátricos son particularmente susceptibles a complicaciones raras después de impactos de alta energía.
- La identificación temprana del neumopericardio es crucial para la intervención oportuna en casos de trauma.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para presentar un caso de neumopericardio en un paciente pediátrico después de un traumatismo torácico severo.
- Para resaltar los desafíos de diagnóstico y las estrategias de manejo para esta condición rara.
- Subrayar la importancia de considerar el neumopericardio en la evaluación del trauma de los pacientes pediátricos después de caídas significativas.
Principales métodos:
- Presentación del caso de una niña de 14 años tras una caída de altura.
- Evaluación clínica, incluida la evaluación de la hipotensión y el dolor pélvico.
- Imágenes de diagnóstico (por ejemplo, radiografía de tórax, tomografía computarizada) para identificar el neumopericardio, el neumotórax y las fracturas.
- Intervención: descompresión percutánea para el neumopericardio.
Principales resultados:
- El paciente presentaba inestabilidad hemodinámica (hipotensión) y lesiones asociadas, incluidas fracturas vertebrales y pélvicas.
- Las imágenes confirmaron la presencia de neumopericardio y un pequeño neumotórax.
- La descompresión percutánea dio lugar a un resultado clínico positivo.
Conclusiones:
- Este caso enfatiza que el neumopericardio debe considerarse en pacientes pediátricos con trauma torácico severo, especialmente después de caídas de alta energía.
- El reconocimiento inmediato y el tratamiento adecuado, como la descompresión percutánea, pueden conducir a resultados favorables.
- La rareza del neumopericardio en el trauma pediátrico requiere un alto índice de sospecha para una atención efectiva del paciente.
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