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Las percepciones de los pacientes y de los padres sobre un "buen" tratamiento ortodóncico
Nikolaos Ferlias1, Cecilie Krogsgaard1, Signe Schaldemose1
1Section of Orthodontics, Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, DNK.
Cureus
|September 4, 2025
Resumen
Los pacientes de ortodoncia pediátrica priorizan un ortodoncista amigable y la información oportuna para una buena experiencia de tratamiento. Estos factores son clave para mejorar la calidad general de la atención y la satisfacción del paciente en los entornos de ortodoncia.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Odontología y ortodoncia pediátrica
- Calidad de la atención sanitaria y experiencia del paciente
- Métodos de investigación cualitativos y cuantitativos
Sus antecedentes:
- Comprender las perspectivas de los pacientes es crucial para mejorar la atención de ortodoncia pediátrica.
- Las investigaciones anteriores no han captado completamente las opiniones de los pacientes jóvenes y de los padres sobre la calidad del tratamiento de ortodoncia.
- La identificación de los factores clave que influyen en la satisfacción puede orientar las mejoras de la práctica.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar los factores que definen un buen ortodoncista y el proceso de tratamiento desde el punto de vista de los pacientes pediátricos.
- Identificar los elementos centrales de un buen tratamiento de ortodoncia tal como lo perciben los pacientes jóvenes y sus padres.
- Informar iniciativas de mejora de la calidad en ortodoncia pediátrica.
Principales métodos:
- Un enfoque basado en la teoría reconstructiva se empleó en una clínica de ortodoncia de posgrado.
- La recopilación de datos incluyó entrevistas abiertas con 36 pacientes pediátricos y sus padres.
- También se administró un cuestionario cerrado, basado en el marco de calidad de la atención sanitaria pediátrica de la OMS.
Principales resultados:
- El análisis cualitativo destacó "Comunicación", "Información en el momento adecuado", "Gestión del dolor", "Competencia" y "Respeto/Confianza" como temas clave.
- Los pacientes y los padres calificaron como muy importantes la "Información en el momento adecuado" y la "Comunicación".
- Los padres dieron una importancia significativamente mayor a la experiencia del ortodoncista en comparación con los pacientes (P=0,01).
Conclusiones:
- Los pacientes pediátricos de ortodoncia evalúan todo el proceso de tratamiento, valorando un ortodoncista amigable y la información oportuna y relevante.
- Una relación positiva entre el paciente y el proveedor y una comunicación clara son primordiales para una buena experiencia de ortodoncia.
- Los hallazgos pueden guiar a los ortodoncistas para optimizar la prestación de atención y mejorar la satisfacción del paciente.
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