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Exposiciones a productos derivados del cannabis notificadas al Centro de Envenenamiento de Ramathibodi, Tailandia,
Bootsakorn Paisarnrodjanarat1,2, Sahaphume Srisuma1,2, Puangpak Promrungsri2
1Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Clinical toxicology (Philadelphia, Pa.)
|September 4, 2025
Resumen
Tailandia
Área de la Ciencia:
- Salud pública
- Toxicología
- Farmacología
Sus antecedentes:
- El cannabis fue un narcótico de la Lista 5 en Tailandia hasta febrero de 2019.
- La legalización para uso médico se produjo en febrero de 2019, seguida de la eliminación de la lista de narcóticos en junio de 2022.
- Este estudio analiza el impacto de estos cambios normativos en los incidentes relacionados con el cannabis.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para caracterizar los casos de cannabis reportados a un centro de envenenamiento tailandés.
- Analizar el impacto de la legalización del cannabis medicinal y recreativo en los casos y resultados notificados.
Principales métodos:
- Estudio de cohorte retrospectivo de 1.695 casos desde enero de 2018 hasta diciembre de 2022.
- Los datos se clasifican en cuatro períodos: leyes de cannabis ilegales, médicas, despenalizadas y recreativas.
- Análisis de la demografía del caso, los productos, las circunstancias y las tasas de hospitalización.
Principales resultados:
- La proporción de niños y adolescentes (< 20 años) aumentó significativamente durante el período de la ley de cannabis recreativa.
- El aceite de cannabis, los productos para fumar y los comestibles eran productos comunes.
- Las tasas de hospitalización aumentaron en todos los períodos de legalización en comparación con el período ilegal.
Conclusiones:
- La legalización del cannabis en Tailandia condujo a una mayor exposición, especialmente entre los jóvenes, durante la fase recreativa.
- Se observaron tasas más altas de hospitalización después de la legalización médica y recreativa.
- El aumento de la disponibilidad y la falta de concienciación contribuyen a la toxicidad del cannabis y a las hospitalizaciones.
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