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La respuesta fisiológica del cangrejo violonchelo a las vibraciones antropogénicas de baja frecuencia del sustrato
Soobin Joo1,2, Jaemin Cho1,2, Taewon Kim1,2
1Department of Ocean Sciences, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea.
Biology
|September 4, 2025
Resumen
Los cangrejos marinos expuestos a vibraciones de 250 Hz mostraron signos de estrés fisiológico, con niveles más bajos de ATP y lactato más altos. Estos hallazgos ponen de relieve los impactos potenciales de la contaminación acústica subacuática en la vida marina.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Biología marina
- Ciencias del medio ambiente
- Ecotoxicología
Sus antecedentes:
- Las perturbaciones vibratorias antropogénicas en los entornos marinos representan una amenaza para los organismos bentónicos.
- Los impactos fisiológicos de estas vibraciones en los animales marinos no se comprenden bien.
- Las vibraciones transmitidas por el sustrato pueden inducir respuestas de estrés en los invertebrados marinos.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar si las vibraciones antropogénicas transmitidas por el sustrato causan estrés fisiológico en el cangrejo violinista de garras blancas (Austruca lactea).
- Evaluar los efectos de las frecuencias de vibración específicas (120 Hz y 250 Hz) en la fisiología del cangrejo.
- Evaluar los posibles biomarcadores de la contaminación vibroacústica en la fauna marina.
Principales métodos:
- Exposición de Austruca lactea a vibraciones controladas a 120 Hz y 250 Hz.
- Medición de las concentraciones de lactato y trifosfato de adenosina (ATP) en el tejido muscular de las piernas.
- Análisis de la expresión génica de la proteína de choque térmico 70 kDa (HSP70) en el tejido hepatopancreático mediante RT-PCR.
Principales resultados:
- A 250 Hz, los cangrejos mostraron niveles significativamente más bajos de ATP y niveles más altos de lactato en los músculos de las piernas en comparación con los controles.
- No se observaron diferencias significativas en el ATP o el lactato a 120 Hz.
- La expresión génica HSP70 no mostró diferencias significativas en el grupo, pero se observó una mayor variabilidad en el grupo de exposición a 250 Hz.
Conclusiones:
- La contaminación vibratoria antropogénica a 250 Hz puede inducir estrés fisiológico en las Austruca lactea.
- Los niveles de lactato y ATP en el tejido muscular pueden servir como biomarcadores sensibles para evaluar la contaminación vibroacústica.
- Se necesitan más investigaciones para comprender los efectos a largo plazo y las implicaciones más amplias para los ecosistemas marinos.
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