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Explorando el microbioma de los moluscos: diversidad, función e implicaciones ecológicas
Tsireledzo Goodwill Makwarela1, Nimmi Seoraj-Pillai1, Tshifhiwa Constance Nangammbi1
1Department of Nature Conservation, Faculty of Science, Tshwane University of Technology, Staatsartillerie Rd, Pretoria West, Pretoria 0183, South Africa.
Biology
|September 4, 2025
Resumen
Los microbiomas de los moluscos son cruciales para la salud del huésped y los servicios del ecosistema, pero siguen siendo poco estudiados. Esta revisión sintetiza los conocimientos actuales sobre su diversidad, función y roles ecológicos, destacando las principales lagunas de investigación y las direcciones futuras.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Investigación del microbioma
- Biología de los invertebrados
- Ecología
Sus antecedentes:
- Los moluscos son invertebrados ecológicos y económicamente vitales.
- Sus microbiomas asociados son poco estudiados en comparación con otros animales.
- Comprender estos microbiomas es crucial para la salud del huésped y la función del ecosistema.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para sintetizar la literatura actual sobre los microbiomas de los moluscos.
- Explorar la diversidad, la composición, las funciones y las implicaciones ecológicas.
- Identificar las lagunas de conocimiento y proponer futuras direcciones de investigación.
Principales métodos:
- Revisión de alcance de la literatura existente sobre gasterópodos, bivalvos y cefalópodos.
- Análisis de estudios en entornos terrestres, de agua dulce y marinos.
- Mapeo de los factores que influyen en el ensamblaje del microbioma utilizando herramientas conceptuales y gráficas.
Principales resultados:
- Filos bacterianos dominantes identificados (Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes y Firmicutes)
- Variaciones detalladas del microbioma a través de hábitats, dietas, tejidos y taxones huéspedes.
- Papel destacado en las funciones del huésped (digestión, inmunidad, formación de caparazones, degradación de contaminantes) y adaptación al medio ambiente.
Conclusiones:
- Los microbiomas de los moluscos juegan un papel importante en la aptitud del huésped y la salud del ecosistema.
- Existen aplicaciones de investigación en la acuicultura, la conservación y el biomonitoreo.
- Se necesitan métodos estandarizados y meta-ómica para abordar las brechas de conocimiento y avanzar en el campo.
Palabras clave:
Resistencia a los antimicrobianosla acuiculturamicrobiota del núcleoestrés en el medio ambienteredundancia funcionalbacterias intestinalesInteracción del huésped con el microbioDiversidad microbianael microbiomaLa simbiosisMás Videos Relacionados
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