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Asociación entre el patrón dietético industrializado y los factores de riesgo cardiometabólicos en niños con
Bhreendda' Hary Dy Luar Prates Kiepper1, Francilene Maria Azevedo1, Aline Carare Candido1
1Department of Nutrition and Health, Postgraduate Program in Nutrition Science, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil.
Molecular nutrition & food research
|September 4, 2025
Resumen
Los niños con polimorfismo del gen FTO expuestos a dietas industrializadas muestran un mayor riesgo cardiometabólico. Las estrategias nutricionales dirigidas a los patrones dietéticos son cruciales para la prevención en este grupo vulnerable.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Nutrición pediátrica
- Epidemiología genética
- Salud cardiometabólica
Sus antecedentes:
- Los patrones dietéticos influyen significativamente en el riesgo cardiometabólico, particularmente en niños genéticamente susceptibles.
- El gen de la masa grasa y la obesidad asociada (FTO) está relacionado con la obesidad y la disfunción metabólica.
- Comprender las interacciones entre genes y dieta es vital para las estrategias de salud pediátrica personalizadas.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar la asociación entre los distintos patrones dietéticos y los factores de riesgo cardiometabólico en niños de 4 a 7 años.
- Examinar específicamente estas asociaciones en relación con el polimorfismo del gen FTO (rs9939609).
- Identificar patrones dietéticos específicos que pueden exacerbar el riesgo cardiometabólico en niños genéticamente predispuestos.
Principales métodos:
- Estudio transversal con 258 niños (de 4 a 7 años).
- Evaluación de la composición corporal (DEXA), los marcadores bioquímicos y la presión arterial.
- Genotipado para el polimorfismo de FTO rs9939609 y análisis de los patrones dietéticos mediante regresión lineal múltiple.
Principales resultados:
- El patrón dietético "industrializado" se asoció significativamente con el aumento del índice de triglicéridos-glucosa (TyG) y los triglicéridos en niños con polimorfismo FTO.
- El patrón "Leche y leche de chocolate" mostró una asociación con el índice TyG en niños portadores de un alelo de riesgo.
- Se observó una prevalencia del 20,2% para el polimorfismo FTO en la cohorte del estudio.
Conclusiones:
- La adherencia a un patrón dietético "industrializado" está relacionada con un riesgo cardiometabólico elevado en niños con polimorfismo genético FTO.
- Estos hallazgos subrayan la importancia de intervenciones nutricionales adaptadas para mitigar el riesgo cardiometabólico en niños genéticamente susceptibles.
- La investigación adicional sobre las interacciones entre genes y dieta puede informar estrategias preventivas para la obesidad infantil y las enfermedades metabólicas.
Palabras clave:
Factores de riesgo cardiometabólicoel niñopatrón de alimentaciónpolimorfismo de un solo nucleótidoMás Videos Relacionados
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