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Eficacia de las intervenciones no farmacológicas para el insomnio relacionado con la menopausia: una revisión
Zhongli Wang1, Haoyu Yang2, Shutong Li1
1Medical College of Acu-Moxi and Rehabilitation, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China.
Maturitas
|September 4, 2025
Resumen
Varias terapias no farmacológicas mejoran significativamente la calidad del sueño en mujeres menopáusicas con insomnio. La atención plena surgió como la intervención más efectiva, ofreciendo beneficios sustanciales para mejorar el sueño.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Investigación sobre la menopausia
- Medicina del sueño
- Salud integradora
Sus antecedentes:
- Las mujeres menopáusicas con frecuencia experimentan insomnio, lo que afecta su calidad de vida.
- Las terapias no farmacológicas se buscan comúnmente para controlar los trastornos del sueño durante la menopausia.
- Se necesitan pruebas sobre la eficacia comparativa de varias intervenciones no farmacológicas.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Evaluar sistemáticamente la eficacia de las terapias no farmacológicas para el insomnio en la menopausia.
- Identificar las intervenciones no farmacológicas más efectivas mediante un metanálisis.
- Proporcionar recomendaciones basadas en la evidencia para el manejo del insomnio en la menopausia.
Principales métodos:
- Búsqueda sistemática de la literatura en las principales bases de datos (PubMed, Embase, etc.) hasta mayo de 2025.
- Metaanálisis utilizando modelos de efectos aleatorios y el software estadístico R (BUGSnet, JAGS).
- Evaluación de la calidad de los estudios incluidos utilizando la herramienta RoB2.
Principales resultados:
- Se analizaron cuarenta y cuatro ensayos controlados aleatorios que incluían 1925 estudios.
- La relajación, la TCC, la atención plena, la aromaterapia, la acupuntura, el masaje, el yoga y el ejercicio mejoraron significativamente la calidad del sueño.
- Mindfulness demostró el mayor tamaño de efecto (MD: -5,61) y el mayor SUCRA, lo que indica una eficacia superior.
Conclusiones:
- Múltiples terapias no farmacológicas ofrecen beneficios significativos para el insomnio en la menopausia.
- La atención plena se destaca como la intervención más efectiva para mejorar la calidad del sueño en esta población.
- Estos hallazgos apoyan la integración de la atención plena y otras terapias enumeradas en la práctica clínica para las mujeres menopáusicas.
Palabras clave:
Metaanálisis de las redes bayesianasEl insomnioLa menopausiaNo farmacológicosCalidad del sueñoMás Videos Relacionados
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