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Desarrollo y uso de actividades de práctica observable (OPA) en la educación médica de posgrado (GME): una
American journal of physical medicine & rehabilitation
|September 4, 2025
Resumen
Las actividades de práctica observables (OPA) evalúan efectivamente la competencia de los residentes en los programas de residencia de Medicina Física y Rehabilitación (PM&R). Este estudio de 10 años demuestra OPAs
Área de la Ciencia:
- Educación médica
- Educación médica basada en competencias (CBME)
Sus antecedentes:
- Los hitos del Consejo de Acreditación para la Educación Médica de Posgrado (ACGME) requieren estrategias de evaluación efectivas.
- Las actividades profesionales confiables (EPA) y las actividades prácticas observables (OPA) ofrecen herramientas personalizables para evaluar el avance del alumno.
- Se necesita un proceso claro para desarrollar e implementar APE y APO específicos de especialidades en los planes de estudios de residencia.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Presentar una década de experiencia en el desarrollo y la utilización de OPA para evaluar el rendimiento y la competencia de los residentes en Medicina Física y Rehabilitación (PM&R).
Principales métodos:
- Un programa de residencia PM&R creó 63 OPA en 2014 y los integró en el plan de estudios en 2015.
- Las encuestas anuales de residentes y profesores evaluaron la efectividad y la usabilidad de OPA.
- La generalizabilidad fue evaluada por otro programa PM&R, y el valor del proceso fue compartido en varios foros educativos.
Principales resultados:
- Los 65 residentes utilizaron los OPA, que cubrían las condiciones básicas de PM&R.
- Los residentes podían monitorear su progreso en tiempo real.
- La facultad, los residentes y los líderes educativos encontraron valiosos los OPA.
Conclusiones:
- Las actividades prácticas observables (OPA) pueden desarrollarse y integrarse de manera efectiva en los planes de estudios de residencia de PM&R.
- Los OPA sirven como una herramienta valiosa para evaluar la progresión de los residentes a través de los hitos de ACGME.
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