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Trastornos del sueño y resultados adversos en la demencia: un estudio de cohorte retrospectivo utilizando datos de
Elsa Ankerst1, Mats Ribbe1, Gayan Perera2
1Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital (Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology), Gothenburg, Sweden.
International psychogeriatrics
|September 4, 2025
Resumen
El trastorno del sueño en el diagnóstico de demencia es común y está relacionado con peores resultados como hospitalizaciones y atención de crisis. Abordar los problemas del sueño puede mejorar el pronóstico de los pacientes con demencia.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Gerontología
- Neurología
- Medicina del sueño
Sus antecedentes:
- La demencia y los trastornos del sueño ocurren con frecuencia.
- La investigación sobre los trastornos del sueño y el riesgo de demencia es extensa, pero su impacto en la demencia establecida es menos entendido.
- Comprender el papel del sueño en la demencia establecida es crucial para los resultados de los pacientes.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Determinar la frecuencia de los trastornos del sueño registrados en el momento del diagnóstico de demencia.
- Investigar la asociación entre los trastornos del sueño y los resultados adversos en pacientes con demencia.
- Identificar objetivos potenciales para mejorar la atención de la demencia.
Principales métodos:
- Estudio de cohorte retrospectivo que utiliza datos de un gran proveedor de atención médica del sur de Londres.
- Inclusión de 17.235 pacientes mayores de 55 años con diagnóstico de demencia entre 2007 y 2018.
- Procesamiento del lenguaje natural (PNL) para identificar el trastorno del sueño registrado; regresión de Cox multivariada para el análisis de resultados.
Principales resultados:
- El 29,0% de los pacientes con demencia registraron trastornos del sueño en el momento del diagnóstico.
- Los trastornos del sueño se asociaron significativamente con un mayor riesgo de hospitalización no planificada (aHR: 1,06), asistencia al departamento de emergencias (aHR: 1,09), y atención de crisis de salud mental (aHR: 1,58).
- No se encontró una asociación significativa entre los trastornos del sueño y la mortalidad.
Conclusiones:
- Los trastornos del sueño registrados en el diagnóstico de demencia indican un pronóstico más pobre.
- Las intervenciones dirigidas a los trastornos del sueño en pacientes con demencia pueden reducir los resultados adversos.
- Se necesita más investigación sobre el impacto del sueño en la progresión y el tratamiento de la demencia.
Palabras clave:
Resultados adversosLa demenciaRegistros electrónicos de saludEl insomnioCohorte retrospectivoTrastorno del sueñoMás Videos Relacionados
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