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Reacción de desplazamiento de agua-gas acelerada por electroquímica en IrN₄-RhN₄ catalizadores de doble sitio para la

Qie Liu¹, Liyuan Gong¹, Jingjing Wang¹

¹State Key Laboratory of Chemo and Biosensing, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, International Joint Lab of Energy Electrochemistry of the Ministry of Education, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China.

Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)

|September 5, 2025

Resumen

Este estudio introduce un nuevo catalizador para la reacción de desplazamiento agua-gas (WGSR), que permite la conversión eficiente de monóxido de carbono y la producción de hidrógeno de alta pureza. El proceso acelerado por electroquímica ofrece una vía prometedora para la generación sostenible de combustible de hidrógeno.

Área de la Ciencia:

La electroquímica
Catálisis
Ciencias de los materiales

Sus antecedentes:

La reacción de desplazamiento de agua-gas (WGSR) es vital para la producción de hidrógeno, pero se enfrenta a desafíos con condiciones difíciles y purificación.
Los métodos actuales a menudo requieren configuraciones complejas y luchan con la eficiencia y la pureza.

Objetivo del estudio:

Desarrollar un electrocatalizador eficiente y selectivo para la reacción de desplazamiento agua-gas (WGSR).
Para lograr la producción de hidrógeno de alta pureza al mismo tiempo que se convierte el monóxido de carbono.
Explorar el uso de catalizadores de un solo átomo en electrolizadores de membrana de polímero-electrolito a alta temperatura.

Principales métodos:

Se utilizaron catalizadores de un solo átomo de doble ubicación IrN4-RhN4 (IrRh-NC) en un electrolizador de polimero-electrolito-membrana a alta temperatura.
Se utiliza la electroquímica para acelerar el WGSR, facilitando la conversión de CO separado espacialmente y la producción de H2.
Funcionó el sistema a temperaturas elevadas (120-300 °C) para mantener el agua en estado gaseoso para mejorar la transferencia de masa.

Principales resultados:

Logró un rendimiento catalítico superior de CO con IrRh-NC, alcanzando 424 mA cm-2 a 0,4 V.
Se produce hidrógeno de alta pureza (99,9%) a una velocidad de 3,2 ml min-1.
Se ha demostrado que los átomos de Ir facilitan la disociación de H2O y los sitios Rh promueven la conversión de CO, superando a los catalizadores de partículas.

Conclusiones:

El catalizador IrRh-NC permite una WGSR eficiente y selectiva bajo temperaturas elevadas.
La electrocatálisis ofrece una vía viable para la conversión simultánea de CO y la producción de H2 de alta pureza.
Este enfoque representa un avance significativo hacia el desarrollo sostenible de la economía del hidrógeno.

Palabras clave:

La electrocatálisis Producción de hidrógeno Reacción de desplazamiento de agua/gas (WGSR)

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