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Brotes de enfermedades infecciosas emergentes y comunicación sanitaria en tiempo real: intermediación, incertidumbre
1Medical Humanities Research Institute, Rice University, USA.
British journal for the history of science
|September 5, 2025
Resumen
La pandemia de COVID-19 pone de relieve los desafíos en la comunicación de salud pública debido al cambio en el panorama de los medios. La comunicación intermedia en tiempo real, especialmente durante los brotes de enfermedades infecciosas emergentes (EID), puede desestabilizar la autoridad científica.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Comunicación sobre salud pública
- Estudios de los medios de comunicación
- La historia de la ciencia
Sus antecedentes:
- La comunicación de salud ha evolucionado significativamente desde los modelos centralizados de la posguerra a las redes móviles distribuidas de hoy.
- Los brotes emergentes de enfermedades infecciosas (EID) requieren mensajes de salud pública rápidos y efectivos.
- La pandemia de COVID-19 es un ejemplo de las complejidades de la comunicación de salud moderna.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para analizar los desafíos en la comunicación de salud pública global durante la pandemia de COVID-19.
- Proporcionar un contexto histórico para la comunicación de salud de COVID-19 mediante el examen de brotes de EID en el pasado.
- Explorar el impacto de los medios cambiantes en la autoridad científica y las narrativas de salud.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis histórico de los medios de comunicación de salud desde la era posterior a la Segunda Guerra Mundial hasta la actualidad.
- Estudios de casos de brotes de EID (gripe de 1957, VIH / SIDA en la década de 1990, COVID-19 a principios de la década de 2020).
- Aplicación de las teorías de intermedialidad para comprender las redes de comunicación y las brechas.
Principales resultados:
- La transición a la comunicación móvil de muchos a muchos desafía la experiencia y la autoridad tradicionales en las narrativas de salud.
- Las brechas en las redes de comunicación juegan un papel crucial en la configuración de la comprensión y la respuesta del público.
- La incertidumbre científica se amplifica en entornos de comunicación intermedia en vivo durante las crisis de EID.
Conclusiones:
- La "vivencia" de la comunicación de salud intermedia durante los brotes de EID puede desestabilizar la autoridad científica.
- Comprender la dinámica de los medios de comunicación y las redes de comunicación es fundamental para la transmisión efectiva de mensajes de salud pública.
- La perspectiva histórica es esencial para navegar por los desafíos contemporáneos de la comunicación en salud.
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