Interocepción en individuos con trastorno del espectro autista: una revisión sistemática de la literatura y un metanálisis
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Resumen
Este resumen es generado por máquina.Esta revisión no encontró diferencias significativas en la precisión interoceptiva cardíaca en adultos con trastorno del espectro autista (TEA). Las capacidades interoceptivas en niños y adolescentes con TEA siguen siendo poco claras, lo que requiere más investigación.
Área De La Ciencia
- La neurociencia
- Psicología del desarrollo
- Psicología clínica
Sus Antecedentes
- El trastorno del espectro autista (TEA) es una condición compleja del desarrollo neurológico.
- La interocepción, el sentido del estado corporal interno, es crucial para la autoconciencia y la regulación.
- Se ha planteado la hipótesis de una interocepción alterada en el TEA, pero la evidencia es mixta.
Objetivo Del Estudio
- Revisar y metaanalizar sistemáticamente la investigación sobre la interocepción a lo largo de la vida en personas con TEA.
- Para examinar la precisión interoceptiva cardíaca (cIA), la sensibilidad interoceptiva (IS) y la conciencia interoceptiva (IAW).
- Identificar los factores que influyen en el procesamiento interoceptivo en el TEA.
Principales Métodos
- Revisión sistemática y metanálisis de 31 estudios.
- Inclusión de estudios a lo largo de toda la vida (niños, adolescentes, adultos).
- Análisis del CIA, del SI y del TIA mediante métodos descriptivos y numéricos.
Principales Resultados
- No hay diferencias significativas en la AIC entre los adultos con TEA y los controles neurotípicamente desarrollados.
- Encontros inconsistentes para IS y IAW en niños y adolescentes con TEA.
- La diversidad metodológica y la variabilidad de la muestra contribuyen a resultados inconsistentes.
Conclusiones
- El trastorno del espectro autista no está sistemáticamente relacionado con la precisión interoceptiva cardíaca alterada.
- La relación entre el TEA y otras dimensiones interoceptivas requiere más investigación.
- Se necesitan metodologías estandarizadas y estudios longitudinales para aclarar el procesamiento interoceptivo en TEA y sus implicaciones clínicas.
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