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(Re) conceptualizar el estigma estructural: conocimientos de un estudio cualitativo de hombres de minorías sexuales
Jessie V Ford1, Brian Dodge2, Kirsty A Clark3
1Columbia University.
Stigma and health
|September 5, 2025
Resumen
El estigma estructural limita la libertad, el reconocimiento y la seguridad de los hombres homosexuales y bisexuales. Esta investigación refina la comprensión de cómo las estructuras sociales impactan negativamente en los grupos marginados.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Psicología social
- Salud pública
- Sociología
Sus antecedentes:
- El estigma estructural tiene un impacto negativo en las poblaciones marginadas, particularmente en las minorías sexuales.
- Las conceptualizaciones existentes del estigma estructural requieren refinamiento para la investigación empírica.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Analizar datos cualitativos de hombres homosexuales y bisexuales para identificar las dimensiones clave del estigma estructural.
- Proponer una definición revisada del estigma estructural basada en hallazgos empíricos.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis de las respuestas a encuestas abiertas (n=385) y entrevistas en profundidad (n=60) de un panel basado en probabilidades de hombres homosexuales y bisexuales.
- Análisis temático cualitativo para identificar las dimensiones subyacentes del estigma estructural.
Principales resultados:
- El estigma estructural se caracterizaba por sentimientos de libertad restringida (por ejemplo, "jaula", "prisión"), falta de reconocimiento (por ejemplo, "subhumano", "ciudadano de segunda clase") y socavaba la seguridad social / pertenencia.
- Surgieron tres dimensiones clave: la falta de libertad, el fracaso del reconocimiento y la seguridad social socavada.
Conclusiones:
- El estigma estructural se manifiesta a través de políticas institucionales, prácticas y normas que crean falta de libertad, fallas de reconocimiento o socavan la seguridad social.
- Los resultados ofrecen una definición revisada y tienen implicaciones para la medición y la investigación con otros grupos estigmatizados.
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