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Una nueva caracterización del lupus eritematoso sistémico: afectación subclínica de las venas - un estudio bioquímico
Derya Yildirim1,2, Abdulsamet Erden2, Nemat Ibrahimkhanli3
1Sincan Education and Research Hospital, Rheumatology Clinic, Ankara, Turkey.
Rheumatology (Oxford, England)
|September 5, 2025
Resumen
El lupus eritematoso sistémico (LES) muestra un aumento del grosor de la pared venosa (VWT) incluso sin el síndrome de anticuerpos antifosfolípidos (APS). Esta afectación venosa subclínica está relacionada con la trombosis y los biomarcadores específicos, lo que pone de relieve una característica vascular novedosa en los pacientes con LES.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Reumatología
- Biología vascular
- Inmunología
Sus antecedentes:
- El lupus eritematoso sistémico (LES) es una enfermedad autoinmune asociada con complicaciones vasculares.
- El síndrome de anticuerpos antifosfolípidos (APS) es un factor de riesgo conocido para la trombosis en el LES.
- Los cambios vasculares subclínicos en el LES requieren más investigación.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para investigar la afectación venosa subclínica en pacientes con LES.
- Para evaluar el grosor de la pared de la vena (VWT) y los marcadores de inflamación en el LES.
- Para explorar la relación entre los cambios vasculares, APS, y la trombosis.
Principales métodos:
- Estudio transversal de 68 pacientes con LES, 22 pacientes con artritis reumatoide (AR) y 20 controles sanos.
- Medición de los niveles séricos de P-selectina, GDF15 y CH3 mediante ELISA.
- Evaluación ultrasónica de la TEV en las venas yugular, femoral y portal y en la arteria femoral.
Principales resultados:
- En comparación con los controles, los pacientes con LES presentaron un aumento significativo de la TAV (p< 0,001).
- Se observaron niveles elevados de P-selectina, GDF15 y CH3 en pacientes con LES con SPA.
- GDF15 se correlacionó con VWT; el aumento del grosor de la vena portal se relacionó con la trombosis.
Conclusiones:
- La afectación venosa subclínica, indicada por el aumento de la VWT, es una característica del LES.
- El aumento de la VWT y los biomarcadores específicos pueden predecir el riesgo vascular y la trombosis en el LES.
- Estos cambios vasculares ocurren independientemente de la actividad de la enfermedad, lo que sugiere una relevancia clínica.
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