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Updated: Sep 9, 2025

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La asociación entre el cronotipo y los patrones de nutrientes en la dieta

Mahmut Bodur1, Ahmet Murat Günal2, Zohreh Sajadi Hezaveh3

  • 1Department of Nutrition & Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ankara University, Ankara, Türkiye.

Chronobiology international
|September 5, 2025
PubMed
Resumen
Este resumen es generado por máquina.

Este estudio revela distintos patrones de nutrientes dietéticos asociados con diferentes cronotipos, o ciclos naturales de sueño y vigilia. Los cronotipos matutinos mostraron un vínculo con dietas ricas en vitamina B, mientras que los tipos nocturnos tenían menos probabilidades de consumir alimentos ricos en antioxidantes.

Palabras clave:
Nutrición crónicaritmo circadianoel régimen alimenticiola nochela mañanapatrones de nutrientes

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Ciencias de la nutrición
  • Cronología
  • Salud pública

Sus antecedentes:

  • Los cronotipos, que reflejan los patrones naturales de sueño y vigilia, pueden influir en los comportamientos de estilo de vida, incluida la dieta.
  • Comprender la interacción entre los ritmos circadianos y la ingesta de nutrientes es crucial para las recomendaciones de salud personalizadas.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Investigar las asociaciones entre los cronotipos y los patrones de nutrientes en una gran cohorte de adultos.
  • Identificar patrones específicos de nutrientes relacionados con los cronotipos de la mañana, el medio día y la noche.

Principales métodos:

  • Análisis de datos secundarios de 3.072 adultos utilizando el Cuestionario de Mañana y Noche (MEQ) para la evaluación del cronotipo.
  • La ingesta dietética evaluada a través de recuerdos de 24 horas, con patrones de nutrientes identificados mediante análisis estadístico.
  • Se emplearon ANOVA unidireccional y regresión multinomial para determinar las asociaciones.

Principales resultados:

  • El cronotipo intermedio fue el más frecuente (73%).
  • Un "patrón rico en Vit B" se asoció con los cronotipos matutinos.
  • La adherencia a un "patrón antioxidante" estaba inversamente relacionada con los cronotipos vespertinos, mientras que un "patrón de alto contenido de grasa" era menos común en los tipos intermedios.

Conclusiones:

  • Los patrones dietéticos, como "rico en Vit B" y "antioxidante", muestran asociaciones diferenciales con los cronotipos.
  • Los hallazgos sugieren que el cronotipo puede influir en las elecciones dietéticas, con los tipos de la mañana favoreciendo la vitamina B y los tipos de la noche evitando potencialmente los alimentos ricos en antioxidantes.
  • Se recomienda una mayor investigación longitudinal para establecer la causalidad entre el cronotipo y la ingesta dietética.