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Las sobrevivientes de cáncer de mama de edad avanzada y de raza negra corren un mayor riesgo de resultados
Elizabeth A Anderson1, Allison B Anbari1, William I Baskett2
1Sinclair School of Nursing, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA.
Western journal of nursing research
|September 5, 2025
Resumen
Las mujeres con cáncer de mama y COVID-19 enfrentan mayores riesgos de resultados respiratorios negativos. Las mujeres negras y mayores con cáncer de mama son particularmente vulnerables a estas complicaciones después de la infección.
Área de la Ciencia:
- En el campo de la oncología
- Enfermedades infecciosas
- Salud pública
Sus antecedentes:
- El COVID-19 se ha relacionado con efectos adversos respiratorios.
- El cáncer de mama, un cáncer prevalente en las mujeres, justifica la investigación de los resultados de COVID-19.
- Una hipótesis propuso un mayor riesgo respiratorio para las pacientes con cáncer de mama con COVID-19.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para investigar la asociación entre el diagnóstico de cáncer de mama, la infección por COVID-19 y los resultados respiratorios negativos.
- Para analizar los factores de riesgo de resultados respiratorios negativos en pacientes con cáncer de mama y COVID-19.
- Para examinar el impacto de las comorbilidades en las complicaciones del COVID-19.
Principales métodos:
- Estudio de cohorte retrospectivo utilizando el marco de pruebas basado en la práctica de Horn y Gassaway.
- Análisis de regresión para identificar asociaciones entre cáncer de mama, COVID-19 y resultados respiratorios.
- Examen de las comorbilidades preexistentes y su relación con las complicaciones del COVID-19.
Principales resultados:
- Los diagnósticos de cáncer de mama y COVID-19 predicen significativamente el aumento de las probabilidades de resultados respiratorios negativos (OR = 1,11, P = 0,03).
- La edad avanzada (OR = 4.88), la raza negra (OR = 1.19), las visitas al departamento de emergencias (OR = 1.33) y los antecedentes de enfermedades respiratorias (OR = 2.60) son predictores significativos.
- Ciertas características demográficas y comorbilidades no se asociaron significativamente con un mayor riesgo respiratorio.
Conclusiones:
- Las mujeres negras y mayores con cáncer de mama enfrentan un mayor riesgo de resultados respiratorios negativos después de la infección por COVID-19.
- Estos hallazgos resaltan las disparidades en los resultados de COVID-19 entre las pacientes con cáncer de mama.
- Se discuten las implicaciones de la práctica clínica para el manejo de poblaciones de alto riesgo.
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