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Updated: Sep 8, 2025

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A Melanoma Patient-Derived Xenograft Model
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Impacto de la pandemia de COVID-19 en el melanoma: un estudio retrospectivo de la base de datos clínica francesa de
F Skowron1, S Mouret2, A Seigneurin3
1Hôpitaux Drôme Nord, Romans-Sur-Isère, France.
Annales de dermatologie et de venereologie
|September 5, 2025
Resumen
La pandemia de COVID-19 en Francia condujo a diagnósticos de melanoma más graves, con tumores más gruesos y más ulcerados. Esto se debió en parte a que se identificaron menos melanomas delgados durante el período pandémico.
Área de la Ciencia:
- En el campo de la oncología
- Dermatología
- Epidemiología
Sus antecedentes:
- La pandemia de COVID-19 ha tenido un impacto variado en la presentación clínica y la gravedad de varias enfermedades.
- El melanoma, una forma importante de cáncer de piel, requiere un diagnóstico y tratamiento oportunos para obtener resultados óptimos.
- Comprender las interrupciones de la atención médica relacionadas con la pandemia es crucial para el manejo de enfermedades crónicas y graves como el melanoma.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar la influencia de la pandemia de COVID-19 en la gravedad del diagnóstico inicial de los casos de melanoma en Francia.
- Comparar las características del melanoma y los plazos de diagnóstico entre los períodos pre-pandémico y pandémico.
- Para evaluar los cambios en el grosor del tumor, la ulceración y la estadificación durante la era COVID-19.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis retrospectivo de nuevos casos de melanoma de la base de datos francesa RIC-Mel.
- La inclusión de tres plazos distintos: pre-COVID, el bloqueo y el período más amplio de la pandemia de COVID (11/05/2020 al 30/09/2022).
- Comparación estadística de las características del paciente y del melanoma, incluida la etapa del tumor, la ulceración y el tiempo hasta el tratamiento, entre los períodos pre-COVID y COVID.
Principales resultados:
- Los melanomas diagnosticados durante el período de COVID fueron significativamente más gruesos (1,5 mm frente a 1,2 mm) y más frecuentemente ulcerados (25,4% frente a 20,6%) en comparación con el período previo a COVID.
- Se observó una disminución en la tasa diaria de diagnóstico de melanomas, especialmente para melanomas delgados (etapas Tis y T1).
- Hubo un aumento notable en las etapas avanzadas del tumor (T2, T3, T4) y los diagnósticos de melanoma en etapa III durante el período de COVID, junto con un aumento en las tasas de biopsia de ganglios linfáticos centinelas y positividad.
Conclusiones:
- La pandemia de COVID-19 en Francia se asoció con una mayor proporción de diagnósticos de melanoma severo.
- Un factor clave que contribuye parece ser una reducción en la detección y el diagnóstico de melanomas más delgados y menos avanzados.
- Estos hallazgos resaltan el potencial de diagnósticos tardíos o omitidos de cánceres en etapa temprana durante las crisis de salud pública.
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