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Los elementos transponibles están desregulados en el cerebro de las personas con trastorno depresivo mayor

Natalie L Truby¹, Corinne Smith¹, Peter J Hamilton¹

¹Department of Neuroscience and Anatomy, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA.

Journal of affective disorders

|September 5, 2025

Resumen

Los elementos transponibles (ET) muestran una expresión alterada en el cerebro de las personas con trastorno depresivo mayor (TDM). La transcripción TE aberrante puede representar una nueva firma molecular para la MDD.

Área de la Ciencia:

La genómica
La neurociencia
Biología molecular

Sus antecedentes:

Los elementos transponibles (TE) son secuencias móviles de ADN.
Las ET generalmente se silencian en el cerebro, pero están cada vez más relacionadas con la salud y la enfermedad neurológicas.
Su papel en el trastorno depresivo mayor (TDM) no se comprende bien.

Objetivo del estudio:

Investigar el perfil de expresión de las transcripciones de elementos transponibles (TE) en el tejido cerebral humano postmortem de individuos con TDM en comparación con controles sanos.
Identificar las firmas moleculares potenciales de MDD relacionadas con la transcripción de TE.

Principales métodos:

Se utilizaron datos de secuenciación de ARN (RNAseq) de muestras de cerebro humano postmortem.
Transcripciones anotadas y cuantificadas de los elementos transponibles (TE).
Comparación de los niveles de expresión de transcripción de TE entre sujetos con TDM y controles sanos.

Principales resultados:

Se identificaron diferencias significativas en la expresión de transcripción de TE en el cerebro de individuos con TDM en comparación con los controles.
Se observó un impacto robusto en el perfil de expresión general de las transcripciones de TE en MDD.

Conclusiones:

La transcripción aberrante de elementos transponibles corticales (TE) está asociada con el trastorno depresivo mayor (MDD).
La expresión de transcripción TE puede servir como un marcador molecular previamente pasado por alto para MDD.
Se requiere más investigación para explorar las implicaciones funcionales de la desregulación de TE en el TDM.

Palabras clave:

Proteína del dedo de zinc KRAB (KZFP)Trastorno depresivo mayor Factor de transcripción Elemento transponible

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