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El conducto de la autoestima: explorando los mecanismos que vinculan los estilos de crianza con los comportamientos
Lu-Ting Shen1, Meng-Wei Ge1, Attiq-Ur-Rehman2
1School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, PR China.
Journal of affective disorders
|September 5, 2025
Resumen
Los estilos de crianza impactan significativamente la autoestima y las conductas suicidas. La crianza positiva y una mayor autoestima están vinculadas a menores riesgos de ideación suicida, autolesiones no suicidas e intentos de suicidio.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Psicología
- Salud pública
- Investigación de la salud mental
Sus antecedentes:
- Los comportamientos suicidas representan un problema crítico de salud pública.
- La investigación limitada ha explorado la interacción entre los estilos de crianza, la autoestima y los comportamientos suicidas.
- El papel mediador de la autoestima en esta relación requiere más investigación.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Analizar sistemáticamente las correlaciones entre los estilos de crianza, la autoestima y los comportamientos suicidas.
- Investigar el efecto mediador de la autoestima en la relación entre la crianza y los comportamientos suicidas.
- Examinar la influencia moderadora de los factores a nivel de país en estas asociaciones.
Principales métodos:
- Se realizó una búsqueda exhaustiva de la literatura en cuatro bases de datos principales.
- Se incluyeron estudios elegibles que informaban sobre estilos de crianza, autoestima y comportamientos suicidas.
- Se utilizó un modelo de ecuación estructural de metaanálisis en dos etapas (MASEA) para la síntesis y el análisis de los datos.
Principales resultados:
- La autoestima mostró una correlación negativa con la crianza negativa y una correlación positiva con la crianza positiva.
- La crianza negativa se asoció con un aumento de la ideación suicida (SI) y la autolesión no suicida (NSSI).
- La autoestima medió los efectos de la crianza positiva y negativa en el SI, el NSSI y los intentos de suicidio (SA).
Conclusiones:
- Los hallazgos destacan el papel crucial de los estilos de crianza y la autoestima en el desarrollo de comportamientos suicidas.
- Las intervenciones destinadas a mejorar las prácticas parentales positivas y reforzar la autoestima son vitales para la prevención del suicidio.
- Estas ideas pueden informar a los servicios familiares y de salud mental para mitigar los riesgos asociados con los comportamientos suicidas.
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