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La pericarditis tuberculosa constrictiva: desafíos y tratamiento quirúrgico
Sridevi Chigullapalli1, Susheel Kumar Malani1, Ajitkumar Krishna Jadhav1
1Cardiology, Dr D Y Patil Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Pune, Maharashtra, India.
BMJ case reports
|September 5, 2025
Resumen
Pericarditis constrictiva, una inflamación que causa endurecimiento del corazón
Área de la Ciencia:
- Cardiología
- Enfermedades infecciosas
- Cirugía torácica
Sus antecedentes:
- La pericarditis restrictiva se caracteriza por la inflamación y pérdida de elasticidad del pericardio, lo que restringe el llenado ventricular.
- Los síntomas incluyen disnea y edema del pedal, a menudo indicativo de insuficiencia cardíaca del lado derecho.
- La etiología tuberculosa es una causa importante de la pericarditis constrictiva, especialmente en las regiones endémicas.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Presentar un caso de pericarditis constrictiva con afectación del miocardio y etiología tuberculosa.
- Para resaltar los desafíos de diagnóstico y el curso clínico de esta condición.
- Hacer hincapié en la importancia del diagnóstico y el tratamiento tempranos para mejorar los resultados de los pacientes.
Principales métodos:
- Informe de caso de un hombre de unos 50 años que presentaba síntomas de insuficiencia cardíaca.
- El diagnóstico incluyó ecocardiografía y tomografía computarizada cardíaca.
- Cirugía de pericardictomía seguida de un examen histopatológico del tejido pericárdico.
Principales resultados:
- La ecocardiografía y la tomografía computarizada revelaron características de pericarditis constrictiva crónica con afectación septal y depósitos calcificados.
- La histopatología confirmó la etiología tuberculosa.
- El paciente experimentó insuficiencia cardíaca postoperatoria y finalmente murió, lo que indica un mal pronóstico con afectación del miocardio.
Conclusiones:
- La pericarditis restrictiva con afectación del miocardio conlleva un mal pronóstico, incluso después de la intervención quirúrgica.
- El diagnóstico precoz y el tratamiento rápido son cruciales para mejorar los resultados.
- La tuberculosis debe considerarse en el diagnóstico diferencial de la pericarditis constrictiva, especialmente en las poblaciones en riesgo.
Palabras clave:
Cirugía cardiotorácicaMedicina cardiovascularInsuficiencia cardíacaEnfermedad pericárdicaLa tuberculosisMás Videos Relacionados
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