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Preparación para la participación equitativa de la familia y la comunidad a través de las visitas domiciliarias:
Judy Paulick1, Natalia Palacios1
1University of Virginia,Charlottesville, VA, USA.
Advances in child development and behavior
|September 5, 2025
Resumen
Los programas de visitas al hogar mejoran las creencias y la competencia cultural de los educadores, alineándose con la pedagogía culturalmente receptiva y sostenible (CR-SP). Se necesitan más apoyos para integrar plenamente el conocimiento familiar y mejorar las prácticas educativas para una educación equitativa.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Educación de la primera infancia
- Psicología del desarrollo
- Pedagogía adaptada a las culturas
Sus antecedentes:
- Los programas de visitas domiciliarias ofrecen un contexto único para comprender el desarrollo del educador.
- La pedagogía culturalmente sensible y sostenible (CR-SP) es crucial para la educación equitativa.
- Las teorías del desarrollo proporcionan marcos para analizar las interacciones educador-familia.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Examinar la alineación entre las visitas a domicilio de los educadores y el CR-SP.
- Analizar el impacto de las visitas a los hogares en las creencias, prácticas y compromiso de los maestros con la familia.
- Identificar los apoyos necesarios para maximizar el potencial de las visitas domiciliarias en CR-SP.
Principales métodos:
- Síntesis de múltiples estudios cualitativos sobre los programas de visitas domiciliarias.
- Análisis de la evidencia a través de las cuatro dimensiones de CR-SP.
- Aplicación de teorías educativas y de desarrollo basadas en activos (por ejemplo, Bronfenbrenner, Vygotsky).
Principales resultados:
- La alineación más fuerte encontrada entre las visitas a domicilio y las creencias mejoradas de los maestros (auto-reflexión, competencia cultural).
- Evidencia emergente de impacto en las prácticas de instrucción receptivas.
- Se observa una influencia limitada en la conciencia sociopolítica y la integración del conocimiento familiar.
Conclusiones:
- Las visitas a los hogares actúan como un puente entre las familias y las escuelas, fomentando la alineación del desarrollo.
- Los apoyos estructurales, incluido el aprendizaje profesional y la orientación política, son esenciales.
- Se necesita más investigación longitudinal para optimizar las visitas domiciliarias para una enseñanza impulsada por la equidad.
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