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Cribado y erradicación de Helicobacter pylori f o prevención del cáncer gástrico: Consenso Mundial de Taipei II
Jyh-Ming Liou1,2,3, Peter Malfertheiner4,5, Tzu-Chan Hong6,3
1Department of Medicine, National Taiwan University Cancer Center, Taipei, Taiwan jyhmingliou@gmail.com e.el-omar@unsw.edu.au yichialee@ntu.edu.tw mingshiang@ntu.edu.tw.
Gut
|September 5, 2025
Resumen
La erradicación de Helicobacter pylori (H pylori) reduce significativamente el riesgo de cáncer gástrico, especialmente antes de los cambios precancerosos. Los expertos mundiales recomiendan el cribado y la erradicación de H pylori para todos los adultos infectados para prevenir el cáncer de estómago.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Gastroenterología y Oncología
- Epidemiología de las enfermedades infecciosas
- Política de salud pública
Sus antecedentes:
- Helicobacter pylori (H pylori) es el principal agente etiológico del cáncer gástrico.
- Las estrategias efectivas de detección y erradicación son cruciales para la prevención del cáncer gástrico.
- Se necesita un consenso global sobre el manejo de H. pylori para optimizar los resultados de salud pública.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Establecer un consenso mundial sobre el cribado y la erradicación de H. pylori para la prevención del cáncer gástrico.
- Identificar las lagunas de conocimiento y las futuras prioridades de investigación en el manejo de H. pylori.
- Refinar las recomendaciones basadas en la evidencia utilizando el marco GRADE y el método Delphi.
Principales métodos:
- Convocó a 32 expertos internacionales de 12 países.
- Utilizó el marco de evaluación, desarrollo y evaluación de la clasificación de recomendaciones (GRADE).
- Se utilizó el método Delphi para lograr un consenso ≥80% en 28 declaraciones.
Principales resultados:
- La erradicación de H pylori reduce el riesgo de cáncer gástrico en todas las edades, más efectivamente antes de las condiciones premalignas.
- Se recomienda el cribado para las poblaciones de alto riesgo mediante pruebas de antígeno de la respiración o de las heces con 13C-urea.
- Se recomienda para la terapia empírica cuádruple en regiones de alta resistencia a los antibióticos y pruebas de confirmación después de la erradicación.
Conclusiones:
- La erradicación de H. pylori es una estrategia probada para la prevención del cáncer gástrico y debe ofrecerse a todos los adultos infectados.
- La investigación futura debe centrarse en el momento óptimo del cribado, los resultados a largo plazo y la estratificación avanzada del riesgo.
- El desarrollo de una vacuna contra H. pylori sigue siendo una necesidad crítica no satisfecha.
Palabras clave:
Cáncer de estómagoHELICOBACTER PYLORI y sus derivadosHELICOBACTER PYLORI - tratamientoLas pruebas de detecciónMás Videos Relacionados
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