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Updated: Sep 8, 2025

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Repensar el nistagmo posicional: más allá del BPPV

Amanda J Male1, George Korres2, Nehzat Koohi1

  • 1SENSE Research Unit, Department of Clinical and Movements Neurosciences, UCL Institute of Neurology, 33 Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK.

Journal of neurology
|September 5, 2025
PubMed
Resumen
Este resumen es generado por máquina.

El nistagmo posicional ofrece información clave sobre el cerebro y la función vestibular. Se necesita un nuevo enfoque para diagnosticar mejor el nistagmo de posición central y mejorar el manejo del mareo.

Palabras clave:
El BPPVEl nistagmo de posición centralMareos por la posiciónEl nistagmo posicional

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Neurología
  • La neurociencia
  • El sistema vestibular

Sus antecedentes:

  • El nistagmo posicional es un signo clínico común con implicaciones diagnósticas significativas.
  • Los enfoques diagnósticos actuales a menudo diagnostican erróneamente el nistagmo posicional, favoreciendo el vértigo posicional paroxístico benigno (VPPB) sobre las causas centrales.
  • La excesiva dependencia de las imágenes y la subestimación del nistagmo de posición central (CPN) dificultan el diagnóstico preciso.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Para abogar por un cambio de paradigma en el diagnóstico de nistagmo posicional.
  • Hacer hincapié en la importancia de reconocer e interpretar correctamente la CPN.
  • Mejorar la precisión del diagnóstico y las estrategias de tratamiento para el mareo.

Principales métodos:

  • Revisión de los marcos de diagnóstico actuales para el nistagmo posicional.
  • Análisis del rendimiento diagnóstico de los signos clínicos frente a las imágenes.
  • Propuesta de revisión de los criterios de diagnóstico y énfasis en la educación.

Principales resultados:

  • El marco actual no aborda adecuadamente la PCN, lo que lleva a errores de diagnóstico.
  • La evaluación clínica del nistagmo posicional proporciona información crucial que a menudo se pasa por alto.
  • En la actualidad no existen umbrales de diagnóstico objetivos.

Conclusiones:

  • Un enfoque de diagnóstico revisado es esencial para el nistagmo posicional.
  • El fortalecimiento de la capacitación neurológica en la interpretación de la CPN es fundamental.
  • El diagnóstico preciso del nistagmo posicional mejora los resultados del paciente para el mareo.