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El tabaquismo como ayuda para dormir: Prácticas de automedicación en adolescentes
Clara Sancho-Domingo1, José Luis Carballo1, Ainhoa Coloma-Carmona1
1Center of Applied Psychology, Miguel Hernández University of Elche, Elche (Alicante), Spain.
Substance use & addiction journal
|September 6, 2025
Resumen
Los adolescentes usan cigarrillos para automedicarse problemas de sueño, lo que lleva a una peor calidad del sueño y a un aumento del tabaquismo. Esto pone de relieve la necesidad de estrategias de prevención específicas para los problemas de sueño y el consumo de tabaco en los adolescentes.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Salud de los adolescentes
- Ciencia del sueño
- El control del tabaco
Sus antecedentes:
- El tabaquismo está anecdóticamente relacionado con el alivio del estrés y la ayuda para dormir.
- Existen pruebas limitadas sobre la automedicación del tabaco para el sueño, especialmente en adolescentes.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar la prevalencia de la automedicación del tabaco para el sueño en los adolescentes.
- Analice la relación entre el consumo de tabaco como ayuda para dormir y la calidad del sueño.
Principales métodos:
- Estudio transversal de 1.121 adolescentes españoles (edad media de 16,2).
- Se utilizaron datos sobre la calidad del sueño y el consumo de cigarrillos.
- Utilizó ANOVA y análisis de regresión logística multinomial.
Principales resultados:
- El 5,4% de los adolescentes utilizaba cigarrillos como ayuda para dormir; el 19,9% fumaba en el último mes.
- Los adolescentes que se auto-medicaron mostraron un mayor consumo de cigarrillos y un uso regular más prolongado.
- La automedicación del tabaco se correlacionó con un sueño más pobre, una duración de sueño más corta, una latencia de inicio de sueño más larga y frecuentes despertares nocturnos.
Conclusiones:
- La automedicación del tabaco en los adolescentes está asociada con importantes trastornos del sueño.
- La falta de sueño y los despertares frecuentes duplicaron la probabilidad de usar tabaco para dormir.
- Los hallazgos hacen hincapié en la necesidad de investigación sobre la automedicación y las estrategias de prevención a medida para los adolescentes.
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