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Cuando la expectativa de acción se encuentra con el historial de recompensa: la interacción del control proactivo y
Meng Zou1, Yongchun Wang1, Zhengqi Tang1
1School of Psychology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China; Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Behavior & Cognitive Neuroscience, Xi'an 710062, China.
Consciousness and cognition
|September 6, 2025
Resumen
El control cognitivo utiliza mecanismos proactivos y reactivos de manera flexible. El historial de recompensas impacta el control inhibidor, interactuando con las expectativas de manera diferente en función de los métodos de aprendizaje, ayudando al comportamiento adaptativo.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La neurociencia cognitiva
- Psicología del comportamiento
- La neuroeconomía
Sus antecedentes:
- El control cognitivo es vital para el comportamiento dirigido a objetivos.
- El modelo de doble mecanismo de control (DMC) diferencia el control proactivo y reactivo.
- La comprensión de la interacción entre estos mecanismos de control, especialmente durante el control inhibidor, es crucial, pero sigue sin estar clara.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar la interacción entre el control proactivo y reactivo durante el control inhibidor.
- Examinar cómo las diferentes historias de aprendizaje de recompensas influyen en el control inhibitorio.
- Explorar la flexibilidad de los mecanismos de control cognitivo en entornos dinámicos.
Principales métodos:
- Dos experimentos usando tareas de Go/NoGo con y sin cued.
- El uso de la captura de atención basada en el valor (VDAC) y la tarea de retraso de incentivos monetarios (MIDT) para la capacitación de recompensas.
- Analizar los errores de comisión y la inhibición de la respuesta basada en el historial de recompensas y las expectativas de acción.
Principales resultados:
- El historial de recompensas interactuó con la expectativa de acción solo cuando se aprendió a través de MIDT, reduciendo los errores para los objetivos NoGo recompensados anteriormente.
- El historial de recompensa de VDAC influyó en la inhibición independientemente de la expectativa de acción.
- En ambos paradigmas, el historial de recompensa generalmente facilitaba la inhibición de la respuesta.
Conclusiones:
- La interacción entre el control proactivo y reactivo es flexible y depende del contexto.
- La naturaleza del aprendizaje previo de la recompensa determina significativamente cómo el control reactivo modula el control inhibitorio.
- Esta investigación ofrece ideas para equilibrar los objetivos actuales con las experiencias pasadas para el comportamiento adaptativo.
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