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Incidencia y mortalidad por cáncer en Italia, 2013-2017
Andrea Tittarelli1, Sabrina Fabiano1, Viviana Perotti1
1Cancer Registry Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy.
Cancer epidemiology
|September 6, 2025
Resumen
La incidencia y la mortalidad por cáncer en Italia (2013-2017) muestran variaciones regionales significativas, con tasas más altas en el norte. El riesgo de cáncer de por vida afecta a uno de cada dos hombres y a una de cada tres mujeres, lo que subraya la necesidad de prevención.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Epidemiología
- En el campo de la oncología
- Salud pública
Sus antecedentes:
- Los cambios demográficos y los cambios en el estilo de vida aumentan las enfermedades crónicas, incluido el cáncer, en Italia.
- El cáncer plantea un importante desafío para la salud pública que requiere datos epidemiológicos actualizados.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Proporcionar datos actuales sobre la incidencia y la mortalidad por cáncer en Italia (2013-2017).
- Para analizar las tasas de cáncer por sexo, tipo de cáncer y área geográfica.
- Para estimar el riesgo de cáncer de por vida.
Principales métodos:
- Se utilizaron datos de 34 registros de cáncer basados en la población (red AIRTUM).
- Las tasas de incidencia estandarizadas por edad (ASR) y las tasas de mortalidad (ASMR).
- Estimación del riesgo acumulado de cáncer por localización y sexo.
Principales resultados:
- Más de 1,35 millones de casos de cáncer registrados; mayor incidencia en hombres.
- Las respuestas adversas más altas se observaron en el norte de Italia para ambos sexos.
- Las tasas de mortalidad fueron menos de la mitad de las tasas de incidencia, con mínimas diferencias regionales.
Conclusiones:
- El riesgo de cáncer de por vida es sustancial: 1 de cada 2 hombres, 1 de cada 3 mujeres.
- Las cifras italianas de cáncer se alinean con las tendencias europeas.
- Necesidad urgente de políticas nacionales y estrategias de prevención basadas en la comunidad para reducir la carga del cáncer.
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