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Cuantificación de Lagrange de las fuentes de humedad atmosférica para eventos de lluvia extrema en la India durante
1Agricultural and Food Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, West Bengal, India.
The Science of the total environment
|September 6, 2025
Resumen
La lluvia extrema en el monzón de verano indio (ISM) se está intensificando. Un estudio de 2023 encontró que el Océano Índico Occidental suministraba la mayor cantidad de humedad para estos eventos, destacando las variaciones regionales de la fuente.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ciencias del clima
- Ciencias atmosféricas
- La oceanografía
Sus antecedentes:
- Las precipitaciones extremas durante el monzón de verano indio (ISM) son un evento climático significativo.
- El Océano Índico se está calentando, y 2023 será un año de monzones cálidos récord.
- 2023 vio una frecuencia sin precedentes de eventos de lluvia extrema, lo que requirió una investigación sobre sus causas.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para cuantificar las fuentes de humedad para eventos de lluvia extrema durante el monzón de verano indio de 2023 con temperaturas récord.
- Analizar la contribución de fuentes de humedad remotas y locales a estos eventos extremos.
- Para comprender la influencia de la temperatura anómala de la superficie del mar (SST) en los extremos del monzón.
Principales métodos:
- Utilizó un marco de Lagrange 3D (UTrack) para la cuantificación de la fuente de humedad.
- Se utilizaron datos de precipitación en cuadrícula diarios (1990-2023) y datos meteorológicos de reanálisis por hora del ERA5.
- Liberación de humedad incorporada a nivel vertical, mezcla vertical realista y resolución temporal a escala fina (0,1h).
Principales resultados:
- El Océano Índico occidental fue el mayor contribuyente de humedad (33,2%) a los eventos de lluvia extrema de 2023.
- Las fuentes locales como la Bahía de Bengala y la cuenca del Ganges proporcionaron casi el 30% de la humedad total.
- Se observó una variabilidad espacial significativa en las contribuciones de humedad tanto de fuentes remotas como locales.
Conclusiones:
- Las temperaturas anormalmente altas de la superficie del mar en 2023 probablemente influyeron en la intensificación de las lluvias monzónicas extremas.
- Se identificaron contrastes regionales en el comportamiento de las fuentes de humedad durante eventos extremos.
- Los hallazgos pueden mejorar los modelos climáticos regionales y las previsiones de precipitaciones extremas.
Palabras clave:
Reanálisis del ERA5Eventos de lluvias extremasEl monzón de verano de la IndiaSeguimiento de la humedad de LagrangeAtribución de la fuente de humedadDinámica del transporte de humedadMás Videos Relacionados
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