Últimas actualizaciones sobre la sarcopenia y la caquexia: perspectivas de la 17.ª Conferencia sobre Sarcopenia,

Hyunwoo Park1, Hyeon Su Kim1, Bon-Sang Gu1

  • 1Department of Biomedical Research Institute, Inha University Hospital, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Korea.

Journal of bone metabolism
|September 17, 2025
PubMed

La 17.ª Conferencia sobre Sarcopenia, Caquexia y Trastornos Consuntivos, celebrada del 6 al 8 de diciembre de 2024 en Washington, DC, presentó avances trascendentales en la comprensión y el manejo de las afecciones de wasting muscular. Basándose en los apuntes de las ponencias y presentaciones de expertos reconocidos internacionalmente que intervinieron en el encuentro, esta revisión destaca las ideas clave y los desarrollos recientes analizados durante la conferencia. Esta revisión se centra en la sarcopenia, la caquexia cancerosa y otros trastornos consuntivos vinculados a enfermedades crónicas. Entre los descubrimientos principales se incluyeron la identificación de la vía Macroautophagy and YouTH Optimizer en la regulación muscular, el papel de la señalización del receptor de ectodisplasina A2-quinasa inductora del factor nuclear-κB en la atrofia muscular y el impacto de la disfunción mitocondrial en la salud sistémica. Los avances en las herramientas de diagnóstico, incluidas las imágenes impulsadas por inteligencia artificial y los nuevos biomarcadores, están transformando la detección y el manejo de estas afecciones. Las estrategias terapéuticas emergentes, tales como los tratamientos basados en el péptido similar al glucagón 2, los moduladores selectivos del receptor de andrógenos y los inhibidores de citocinas, están reconfigurando el panorama terapéutico. La conferencia subrayó la importancia de la medicina de precisión, integrando conocimientos moleculares con enfoques de atención personalizada, y enfatizó la rehabilitación multidisciplinaria para optimizar los resultados de los pacientes. La conferencia también destacó avances clínicos prometedores, incluido el ensayo HIPGEN sobre células estromales expandidas en placenta para la regeneración muscular en pacientes con fractura de cadera y el estudio de ponsegromab, dirigido a la inhibición del factor de crecimiento/diferenciación-15 para mitigar el wasting muscular asociado a la caquexia cancerosa. Esta revisión resalta la integración de la ciencia básica, los diagnósticos innovadores y las aplicaciones clínicas como un marco prometedor para abordar los complejos desafíos que plantean los trastornos de wasting muscular. A medida que el campo progresa, estas perspectivas ofrecen esperanza para mejorar la calidad de vida y la supervivencia de los pacientes afectados.

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