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Los murciélagos nocturnos grandes se alimentan de los paseriformes en vuelo

L Stidsholt^1,2, E Tena³, I Foskolos^1,4

¹Section of Zoophysiology, Department of Biology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|October 9, 2025

Resumen

Los murciélagos nocturnos mayores cazan a las aves migratorias a gran altitud utilizando la ecolocalización. Estos murciélagos emplean persecuciones prolongadas para capturar y consumir paseriformes a mitad de vuelo, accediendo a una fuente de alimento única.

Área de la Ciencia:

Ornitología
Ecología de murciélagos
La bioacústica

Sus antecedentes:

Miles de millones de paseriformes migran por la noche a grandes altitudes.
Pocas especies de murciélagos explotan este abundante recurso de presas.
Los mecanismos de depredación de los murciélagos en las aves migratorias de gran altitud son poco conocidos.

Objetivo del estudio:

Para investigar cómo los murciélagos nocturnos más grandes (Nyctalus lasiopterus) localizan, capturan y consumen paseriformes migratorios.
Para entender las estrategias de caza empleadas por estos murciélagos a gran altitud.

Principales métodos:

Las etiquetas de biología de alta resolución se desplegaron en murciélagos nocturnos más grandes.
Los datos de seguimiento analizaron las trayectorias de vuelo y altitudes de los murciélagos.
Las grabaciones de ecolocalización potencialmente usadas para inferir el comportamiento de caza.

Principales resultados:

Los murciélagos nocturnos mayores suben a grandes altitudes para cazar.
Los murciélagos se involucran en persecuciones prolongadas guiadas por el eco con sus presas.
Passerines se consumen en el aire durante el vuelo.

Conclusiones:

Los murciélagos utilizan la ecolocalización ultrasónica para la detección de presas a gran altitud.
Las persecuciones aéreas prolongadas son la clave para capturar aves migratorias.
Esta estrategia de depredación especializada permite el acceso a un recurso alimenticio único y subutilizado.

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